48 

 Table 30 Concluded. 



45.92% in. 54.08% out. 



THE ELMS. 



Only two species of elm were reported by the Pennsylvania wood users, white 

 elm (Ulmus americana) and cork elm (Ulmus racemosa) ; but it is possible 

 that small quantities of slippery elm (Ulmus piibescens)=(U. fulva) were used, 

 but because it is cut in this State in only small quantities it is usually mar- 

 keted mixed with white elm and, therefore, was not identified and reported 

 separately. Cork elm is the most valuable of the three elms because the 

 wood is most durable, but white elm in Pennsylvania is the most abundant 

 species and composes the largest proportion of the 3,000,000 feet of elm that 

 the Pennsylvania sawmills cut in 1912. Elm, irrespective of species, is one 

 of the strongest and most elastic hardwoods growing in Pennsylvania. In 

 addition to being heavy, tough, hard, and dense, it is hard to work and 

 difficult to season. The two species reported are together demanded by 16 

 industries. The largest amount of the cork elm went to the vehicle maker, 

 while the chair industry was foremost in demanding the white elm. The 

 trunk makers also bid for a large amount of this wood for slat material. 



