65 



Table 47 Concluded. 





"Less than 1-100 of 1 per cent. 



BOXES. 



Next to building material, more wood goes for making boxes and crates 

 in Pennsylvania than for any other use. Over six hundred factories reported 

 the information collated in Table 48. Not more than half of these were regular 

 box manufacturers , as is. shown by the list of names in the appendix. There 

 are included glass factories, steel mills, refractories, machinery manufactur- 

 ers, makers of electrical apparatus, foundries, furniture makers, silk and 

 textile mills, paper factories, large jobbing and department stores, etc., 

 which maintain box departments for making packages and shipping contain- 

 ers to meet their own requirements. The uses of boxes are so numerous in 

 Pennsylvania that it is not practical to attempt to mention or list them. 

 Generally it can be said they are of two kinds, set-up boxes and box shooks. 

 The former includes the nailed, the reinforced, the veneer, the locked corner, 

 and dovetailed, or boxes that are sold ready to use. The nailed box is 

 usually sold in the locality in which it is made. It is rarely shipped put 

 together. The large number of this kind accounted for in Pennsylvania was 

 principally in the large cities where there is an extensive demand or else near 

 to factories and mills using the wooden packages. The reinforced box is a 

 nailed box, the nailed joints and often the body of the box being reinforced 

 with cleats, wire, or steel bands. These are used for shipping ponderous ma- 

 terials where the package is subjected to great strain. Of late this method has 

 also become popular for containers for light materials, including large boxes 

 for millinery, etc., when only very thin resawed material about three-eighths 

 to one-fourth inch is used and the necessary strength supplied by the cleats. Re- 

 shippers belong to this class, most frequently reinforced with steel bands. 



