129 



i 







Red cedar (juniper). 

 Red oak (jersey oak). 

 Rice root. 

 Sassafras. 



avin (red cedar). 

 Scotch thistle. 

 Siberian crab. 

 Slippery elm. 

 Striped maple (swamp dogwood). 



Sweet (cherry) birch. 



Sycamore. 



Whangee. 



White ash. 



White oak. 



White thorn. 



Willow. 



Yellow birch. 



Yellow poplar (hickory poplar), 



PLUMBERS' WOODWORK. 



In connection with bathroom and toilet furnishings and other forms of 

 plumbing installation there are certain useful commodities made of wood 

 which have been grouped under this heading and the materials used for 

 making them presented in Table 83. Drainboards, which serve as dish wash- 

 ing tables, connected with the sink, call for a large quantity of wood which, 

 on account of holding its shape, ash alone supplied. Usually these boards 

 are. grooved to facilitate drainage. Sweet birch, finished with a high polish, 

 was mainly used for bath stools, some in imitation of mahogany but most 

 of them painted or enameled white, the birch being specially adaptable to 

 both kinds of finish. Water closet seats, lids, and tanks, are the other 

 commodities of this industry in Pennsylvania and like the wood for fixtures 

 and furniture, high grade material with considerable figure and susceptible 

 of taking a polish is largely demanded. Yellow poplar is an exception as it 

 answers in large amounts only for white enameled finish and is desired be- 

 cause it holds its shape, takes paint readily, and is moderately strong. Birch 

 is probably equally suitable except that it is more liable to warp, but this 

 is overcome in the superior advantages it offers in being stronger and af- 

 fording a higher polish. White and red oak, including considerable quar- 

 tered stock, cherry, mahogany, ash, and sweet birch used for exterior work 

 are the woods selected for figure and are finished natural with wax or var- 

 nish. Chestnut in some states was reported among these woods but in Penn- 

 sylvania where it is extensively cut, the manufacturers of plumbing wood- 

 work made no mention of it. This industry does not depend largely upon 

 the forests of the State as the manufacturers report only 15 per cent, of all 

 the wood they used as State-grown. 



Table 83. Wood for Plumbers' Woodwork, year ending June, 1912. 



