FORESTRY COMMISSIONER. 53 



ting timber and fuel, inclusive of sawing into logs, piling 

 along wood roads, etc., amounts to 1.5 cents per cubic 

 foot. At this price the workmen earn 52 cents per day. 

 The value of timber, without bark, dragged to forest roads, 

 is 1 1 cents per cubic foot, on an average. The value of 

 fuel, piled up along roads, is 5.4 cents per cubic foot, or 

 about 13.42 per cord. (The stumpage of timber is worth 

 about $12 per i,ooofeet, board measure.) In the state 

 forests about $100,000 are spent annually for road improv- 

 ment and forest railroads. In the private forests the ex- 

 clusive right of hunting is periodically leased to the high- 

 est bidder, under certain restrictions. Likewise in about 

 half of the state forests the l 'Oberfoerster" manages the 

 right of hunting by order of the government. In the 

 state forests these leases yield annually 10 cents per acre. 

 In the season of 1903, for instance, there were killed, in 

 the administered districts of the state forests aggregating 

 188,440 acres, 242 head of red deer, 679 head of roe deer, 

 298 head of wild boar, 1890 hares and 10 capercailzies, 

 tetrao urogallus (mountain cock), besides a number of 

 minor animals. 



A forester of scientific education (Oberforster) has, on 

 an average, under his charge 13,933 acres of forests, man- 

 aged on forestry principles and being owned by the state, 

 by towns, villages or public institutions. 



In the state forests there are steadily employed for 

 every 1,000 acres of forest, 35 experienced forest la- 

 borers. Their pay is generally and on an average not 

 higher than that of ordinary laborers 50-55 cents per day. 



With respect to the proportion which exists in coniferous 

 forest between reforestation by natural seeding and refor- 

 estation by planting, positive data cannot be furnished, 

 except that reforestation of the fir (abies pectinata) is prin- 

 cipally natural seeding. 



