FORESTRY COMMISSIONER. 77 



INFERIOR OFFICIALS. 



Foremen and wardens paid by the state an average of . . $ 160.00 

 Foremen and wardens paid by the municipal corporations 



and public institutions 116.00 



The foremen and wardens receive in addition thereto 

 allowances of firewood, tillable land, pasture grounds, etc. 



Those in the employment of the state have free rent in 

 houses built in the forest, or in lieu thereof they receive 

 as compensation a cash equivalent. 



The superior officials are entitled to a retreat pension 

 at the age of 60 years, and the inferior officials at the age 

 of 55 years. 



France has three forestry schools. One school of higher 

 instruction at Nancy; one school of secondary instruction, 

 and one school of primary instruction. The two latter 

 schools are established in the department of Loiret, on the 

 possessions of the administration at Barres. 



FORESTS OF MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS AND OF PUBLIC 

 INSTITUTIONS. 



The forests of municipal corporations and of public in- 

 stitutions comprise 4,800,000 acres. They are supervised 

 by the Forest Service on the same conditions and accord- 

 ing to the same principles as the state forests. They con- 

 tain about 200,000 acres of forests for protection, and 

 their producing area is thereby reduced to 4,600,000 acres. 

 They produce annually, timber, 45,000,000 cubic feet; 

 fire wood, 125,000,000 cubic feet, and together, 170,000,- 

 ooo cubic feet. This represents nearly an annual produc- 

 tion in wood of 37 cubic feet per acre of productive for- 

 est. The annual cash value of the product, including the 

 bark, cork and rosin, is $6,500,000, or 11.41 gross income 

 per acre. The net income is about $i. 14 per acre. The 

 forests belonging to the municipalities and public institu- 

 tions are under regulations approved by the president of 

 the republic. These regulations and those of the state 



