FORESTRY COMMISSIONER. 83 



is frequently effected, excluding of course, after pine 

 plants have been brought in, any further agricultural use 

 of the forest ground. 



Another combination of field crop potatoes with 

 forest trees during one or two years following the cutting 

 of mature trees is in some parts of the country custom- 

 ary, less for the object of raising a paying crop of pota- 

 toes than for the benefit of the pine seedlings, planted 

 in rows, alternating with rows of potatoes, for which it 

 secures a soil of a high and beneficial porosity. To neu- 

 tralize the exhaustion of the soil by the potatoes, the ele- 

 ments taken from the soil by that crop are resupplied by 

 artificial manuring. 



Reforesting is effected on about 40 per cent of the 

 area by seed from standing trees (beech), on about 10 

 per cent by coppicing and on about 50 per cent artificial- 

 ly and chiefly planting. The annual yield is strictly 

 sustained and is not allowed to exceed the annual growth. 

 It is made up of material obtained from thinnings (about 

 40 per cent) and of mature trees (about 60 per cent). 

 The average yield per acre and per annum is 88.6 cubic 

 feet, 75 per cent of which is used as fuel. The average 

 value of cordwood, piled up along forest roads, was in 

 1903, $6 per cord, the average value of logs, cut and 

 hauled to forest roads, $9.40 per 1,000 feet board meas- 

 ure. 



The average proceeds for minor forest products, such 

 as grass, grass seed, litter, stones, etc. , etc., are of some 

 significance, while those derived from hunting leases are 

 quite considerable. 



The laborers, inhabitants of the neighboring villages, 

 employed in wood-cutting, in culture-work, in building 



