FORESTRY COMMISSIONER. 117 



named 24 forest officers. The annual yield of the state 

 forests is 5,779,669 cubic feet of lumber and fire-wood 

 cut in ripe forests, and 1,288,904 cubic feet of fire-wood 

 and pulp-wood obtained from thinnings. These figures 

 correspond with an annual yield of about 155 feet board 

 measure of lumber plus 0.40 cords of fire-wood per acre 

 per annum. The state forest officers at the same time 

 control the management of the communal and private 

 forests within the state. All grades of forest officers 

 have certain police duties concerning forests, fish and 

 game preservation. 



The regeneration of cutover Silver Fir (Abies pectinata) 

 forests is obtained principally from self-sown seed. The 

 Silver Fir is planted only where the species is absent at 

 the present moment, and where the admixture of the 

 species with other kinds already at hand appears to be 

 desirable. 



The reforestation of Norway Spruce (Picea excelsa) 

 is obtained usually by the planting of seedlings. Still, 

 wherever advance growth, starting from self-sown seed, 

 is found to be at hand in suitable groups and bunches, 

 there such advance growth might be used to good ad- 

 vantage as a means of partial regeneration. 



The regeneration of Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris) is 

 effected partly by the planting of seed and partly by the 

 planting of seedlings. 



All State Forests and Communal Forests the latter 

 being the property of towns, villages, cities, corporations 

 or of funds of an educational or religious character are 

 administered by and *are placed in charge of forest 

 officials possessing a thorough, scientific and technical 

 education in forestry. 



The number of the forest workmen continuously em- 

 ployed in the forest changes from time to time. On the 



