FORESTRY COMMISSIONER. 123 



partments and maps of the same; all sections of the for- 

 ests are examined with reference to their increment. All 

 these investigations made, the forests or sections of for- 

 ests to be cut during the next decade of years are selected 

 and pointed out specifically. Further, there is stated 

 specifically what compartments or sub-compartments are 

 to be thinned out, what areas are to be planted up, and 

 by what means regeneration is to be effected in each single 

 case. Deviations from the prescriptions of a forest work- 

 ing plan must not be made unless authorized by the sec- 

 retary of finances. Every working plan is controlled by 

 the state forest master in the range itself. Besides, in 

 the midst of the ten years period, or after the lapse of 

 five years, such a control by the highest forest officer of 

 the state takes place, so as to find out whether and in how 

 far the prescriptions of the working plan have been fol- 

 lowed and whether deviations might be advisable. 



The sale of the forest produce (timber, fuel, bark, 

 stones, etc.) is done by the superior forest officer with 

 the help of a local state cashier, who is holding an office 

 absolutely independent from the forestry service and is 

 directly subordinate to the secretary of finances. This 

 arrangement makes embezzlements practically impossible. 

 The sale of timber and fuel takes place, after they are 

 cut and piled up, by means of public auction. The cut- 

 ting and piling of timber and fuel is done by common 

 hands working under a contract. Any planting, on the 

 other hand, is done by day workers, under the super- 

 vision of the local rangers, so as to warrant careful work. 



PRIVATE FORESTS. 



According to a statement made for the year 1900, the 

 total area of the private and communal forests in Saxony 

 is 520,000 acres. All forests owned by municipalities and 

 villages and other corporations, and a considerable frac- 



