CONTROL OF Two ELM-TREE PESTS 



495 



One man was stationed on the tower with the 20-foot extension rod. 

 When he desired to change from a solid stream to a mist spray he merely 

 lowered the nozzle to a man on the ground, who changed the adjustment 

 of the nozzle. The man on the ground sprayed the lower branches, 

 looked after the engine, and drove the team. An extra man was present, 

 the so-called foreman, who directed the work, mixed the solutions, 

 attended to breakdowns, climbed trees if necessary, and was generally 

 responsible for the spraying operations. 



There is one rather serious fault to be found with the long extension 

 poles or with any of the common extension poles. The brass conducting 

 pipe on the pole is too small in diameter to carry enough liquid and, 

 besides, it greatly reduces the pressure at the nozzle. If a conducting 

 pipe of larger diameter could be made of a lighter material that would 

 stand the pressure, it would be advantageous. Much more liquid could 

 be thrown; the spraying could be done faster, and thus a larger amount 

 of space covered in a given time. Moreover, because of the pressure's 

 not being lessened, the stream could be thrown higher. For the short 

 poles, pieces of quarter-inch gas pipe 12 feet long were substituted in 

 the work here described and these gave better satisfaction. Longer 

 pieces of pipe than this, however, would be too heavy. 



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"'"I 



Smaller spraying machines 



Low and medium-sized trees may be sprayed with fair efficiency with 

 a hand-spraying outfit, such as is 

 shown in Fig. 167. This consists 

 of a barrel mounted on a two-wheeled 

 cart for convenience in moving from 

 tree to tree. A strong hand-pump is 

 fitted into the barrel. With such an 

 outfit a pressure of 75 pounds can 

 be maintained, although this requires 

 rather strenuous work on the part of 

 the man who does the pumping. In 

 connection with this barrel pump a 

 tall, firm step-ladder is needed, also 

 a piece of hose 50 feet long fitted to 

 an extension rod 10 or 12 feet long. 

 With an outfit of this kind, fairly 

 large and tall trees may be sprayed 

 efficiently and economically. FlG l6 ^_ Hand . spraying outfit 



