THE LARCH CASE-BEARER 53 



with lime-sulfur at scale strengths. The lime-sulfur was the homemade 

 concentrated, and tested 29 Beaume. It was diluted i to 7 and the tree 

 thoroughly coated from top to bottom. The next day there was a heavy 

 fall of snow. The subsequent three or four days were clear and sunny. 



On April 2 7 an examination of the trees showed that the buds had started 

 and that on the unsprayed trees the larvae had moved to the leaves. 

 On the sprayed tree, however, not a larva had left its winter position. 

 On May 5 the writer examined many larvae and found only two alive. 

 The others were dried up and dead. In subsequent examinations the 

 writer was unable to find that a single larva had moved from its hiber- 

 nating position to the leaves. 



Lime-sulfur is evidently a simple and effective remedy for the larch 

 case-bearer. Probably the best results will be obtained by applying the 

 mixture to the trees just as late as possible in the spring before the buds 

 start growing. There is evidently no injury to buds or tender wood at 

 this time if the mixture is used at scale strengths, say i gallon to 8| gallons 

 of water when the concentrated solution tests 33 Beauine*. The mixture 

 should be applied thoroughly to all the branches, and the tree should be 

 completely covered with the solution. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE LARCH CASE-BEARER 



1827. Hubner, Jakob. Sammlung Europaischer Schmetterlinge, V, fig. 



427. 

 1834. Treitschke, Friedrich. Die Schmetterlinge von Europa, X, part 



III, p. 221. 



1838. Duponchel. Histoire Naturelle des Lepidopteres, etc., XI, p. 586, 



pi. 311, fig. 3. 



1839. Zeller, P. C Isis, p. 208. 



1840. Ratzeburg, T. C. For st -Insect en, part II, p. 244. 

 1849. Zeller, P. C. Linnaea Entomologica, vol. 4, p. 376. 



1853. Herrich-Schaeffer. Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetter- 

 linge von Europa, etc., vol. 5, p. 230, fig. 667. 



1856. Frey, Heinrich. Die Tineen und Pterophoren, p. 218. 



1859. Stainton, H. J. Natural History of the Tineina, vol. IV, p. 68. 



1880. Taschenburg, Dr. E. L. Praktische Insekten-Kunde, part III, p. 

 289. 



1882. Snellen, P. C. T. De Vlinders van Nederland, part II, p. 806. 



1886. Hagen, H. A. Canadian Entomologist, vol. 18, p: 125. 



1892. Jack, J. G. Garden and Forest, February 24, p. 87. 



1892. Riley and Howard. Insect Life, vol. 4, p. 405. 



1895. Judeich und Nitsche. Lehrbuch der Mitteleuropaischen Forstin- 

 sektenkunde, vol. II, p. 1041. 



