PINACEAE 

 Austrian Pine. Black Pine 



Pinus laricio austriaca, Endl. [Pinus austriaca, Hoss.] 



HABIT. A large tree 60-80 feet high, with a trunk diameter 

 of 2-4 feet; forming a massive, spreading crown of stiff, strong 

 branches. 



LEAVES. In clusters of two; 3-6 inches long; slender, 

 rigid, sharp-pointed, curved towards the twig; deep green on 

 both faces. Persistent 3-6 years. 



FLOWERS. May- June; monoecious; the staminate cylin- 

 drical, s'ubsessile, 'bright yellow, about 24 inch long; the pistillate 

 cylindrical, small, bright red, subsessile. 



FRUIT. Autumn of first season, opening two years after 

 full size is attained and remaining on the tree several years; 

 erect, sessile, long-ovoid cones 2-3 inches long; scales smooth, 

 lustrous, thickened at the apex and topped with a short spine in 

 the center; seeds red-brown, J4 i ntcn long, with wings 24 i nc h 

 long. 



WINTER-BUDS. Oblong-conical, sharp-pointed, red- 

 brown, resinous, about ^2 inch long. 



DARK. Twigs brownish to olive-brown and smooth, be- 

 coming darker with age; thick, gray to nearly black on old 

 trunks and coarsely and deeply fissured. 



WOOD. Light, strong, very resinous, red-brown, with thick, 

 yellowish to reddish white sapwood. 



NOTES. Perfectly hardy. Adapts itself to a variety of 

 soils. Well adapted for screens and wind-breaks. Easily trans- 

 planted when small. Grows rapidly. 



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