DISEASES OF HORSES 59 



sure with the finger the swelling can be indented, but the pits so 

 formed soon fill up again on removal of the pressure. In severe 

 cases there may be ulceration of the skin, and serum pours out 

 from the surface, resembling the oozing which we have after a 

 blister or in a case of grease. This swelling is not to be confounded 

 with the stocking in lymphatic horses or the edema which is found 

 in chronic heart or in kidney trouble, as in the last the swelling is 

 cool and not painful and the pitting on pressure remains for some- 

 time after the latter is withdrawn. It is not to be confounded with 

 greasy heels. In these the disease commences in the neighborhood 

 of the pastern and gradually extends up the leg rarely passing be- 

 yond the neighborhood of the hock. The swollen leg in glanders 

 almost invariably swells for the entire length in a single night or 

 within a very short period. When greasy heels are complicated 

 by lymphangitis there is a condition very much resembling that of 

 farcy. The swelled leg in farcy is frequently followed by an out- 

 break of the farcy buttons and ulcers over its surface. In the entire 

 horse the testicles are frequently swollen and hot and sensitive to the 

 touch, but they have no tendency to suppuration. The acute in- 

 flammation is rapidly followed by the specific induration, which 

 corresponds to the local lesions in other parts of the body. Chronic 

 farcy in the ass and mule is an excessively rare condition, but some- 

 times occurs. 



Chronic Glanders Symptoms. In chronic glanders there is 

 found the same train of inflammatory phenomena, varying in ap- 

 pearance from those of chronic farcy only by the difference of the 

 tissues in which they are located. In chronic glanders there is 

 first the nodule, from the size of a shot to that of a small pea, which 

 forms in the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. This may 

 be just inside of the wings of the nostrils or on the septum which 

 divides the one nasal cavity from the other and be easily detected, 

 or it may be higher in the nasal cavities on the turbinated bones, or 

 it may form in the larynx itself or on the surface of the trachea or 

 deep in the lungs. 



The nodules, which are first red and hard and consist of new 

 connective tissue, soon soften and become yellow; the yellow, spots 

 break and there appears a small ulcer the size of the preceding 

 nodule, which has a gray, dirty bottom and ragged edges and is 

 known as chancre. This ulcer pours from its surface a viscous, 

 oily discharge similar to that which was seen in the farcy ulcer. 

 The irritation of the discharge may ulcerate the lining mucous 

 membrane of the nose, causing serpentine gutters with bottoms, re- 

 sembling those of the chancres themselves. If the nodules have 

 formed in large numbers, they may be causing an acute inflamma- 

 tion of the Schneiderian membrane, with a catarrhal discharge 

 which may mark the specific discharge, or that which comes from 

 the ulcers and resembles the discharge of strangles or simple in- 

 flammatory diseases. 



The eruption of the ulcers and discharge soon cause an irri- 

 tation of the neighboring lymphatics; and in the intermaxillary 



