DISEASES OF HORSES 77 



is exposed to cold, or worked so as to engorge the lungs with blood 

 at the termination of the specific fever, just when the eruption is 

 about to localize, it may be determined to the lungs. In this case 

 there is a short, dry cough, labored breathing, the development of 

 a secondary fever of some gravity, and all of the external symptoms 

 of a pneumonia. This pneumonia differs, however, from an ordi- 

 nary pneumonia in the symptoms furnished by the examination of 

 the lungs themselves. In place of a large mass of the lung tissue 

 being affected the inflammation is disseminated in smaller spots 

 over the entire Jung. 



Diagnosis. The diagnosis of horsepox is to be based on the 

 presence of a continuous fever, with rosy mucous membranes, for 

 several days, and the appearance of the characteristic eruption. If 

 the eruption is in the nasal cavities, marked by a considerable dis- 

 charge and attended by submaxillary abscesses, it may be con- 

 founded with strangles. If the throat is affected it may be con- 

 founded with laryngitis or pharyngitis, but in the latter the local 

 trouble precedes or is concomitant with the fever, while in the for- 

 mer the fever precedes the local trouble by several days. Variola 

 may be confounded with bronchitis or pneumonia if complicated 

 with these troubles and the eruption is absent from the exterior, 

 but it is of little moment, as the treatment for both will be much 

 the same. When the eruption is in the neighborhood of the genital 

 organs this disease has been mistaken for the dourine. In variola 

 the eruption is a temporary one ; the nodes and the pustules are fol- 

 lowed by shallow ulcers and rapid cicatrization unless continued in 

 the vagina or on the penis by the rubbing of the walls and filth 

 which accumulates; there are apt to be pustules at other parts of 

 the body. In the venereal disease the local trouble commences as 

 a papule and breaks into an ulcer without having formed a pus- 

 tule. The ulcer has not the convex rosy appearance of that of the 

 less serious discharge; the symptoms last for a longer period, by 

 w r hich time others aid in differentiating the two. In glanders the 

 tubercle is hard, and, after breaking into an ulcer, the indurated 

 bottom remains, grayish or dirty white in color, ragged, and exud- 

 ing a viscous, oily discharge. There is no disposition to suppuration 

 of the neighboring glands. In variola the rosy shallow ulcer and 

 healthy pus, with the acutely tumefied glands, should not be mis- 

 taken, at least after a day. 



Prognosis. The average case of horsepox runs a course of 

 dejection, loss of appetite, and more or less fever for about four 

 days, followed by a rapid convalescence, and leaves the animal as 

 well and as sound as before. If the eruption has been excessive or 

 confluent, the ulceration may act as irritants and render the animal 

 unfit for use for several weeks. Laryngitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, 

 and pneumonia in this disease are not of greater gravity than they are 

 when occurring from other causes. The spots denuded of pigment left 

 by the pustules on the lips and genitals may temporarily depreciate 

 the value of the animal to a slight degree. 



