DISEASES OF HORSES 379 



solution of chloride of zinc, 5 grains to the ounce of water, three 

 times a day. 



LYMPHANGITIS. 



Specific inflammation of the lymphatic structures usually af- 

 fects the hind legs; very seldom a fore leg. This disease is very 

 sudden in its attack, exceedingly painful, accompanied by a high 

 temperature and great general disturbance. Horses of lymphatic, 

 or sluggish, temperament are predisposed to this affection. It usu- 

 ally attacks well-fed animals, and in such cases may be due to an 

 excess of nutritive elements in the blood. Sudden cnanges in work 

 or in the habits of the animal may induce an attack. 



Symptoms and Treatment. It is usually ushered in by a chill, 

 rise in temperature, and some uneasiness ; in a very short time this is 

 followed by lameness in one leg and swelling on the inside of the 

 thigh. The swelling gradually surrounds the whole limb and con- 

 tinues on downward until it reaches the foot. The limb is exces- 

 sively tender to the touch, the animal perspires, the breathing is ac- 

 celerated, pulse hard and quick, and the temperature may reach 

 106 F. The bowels early become constipated and the urine scanty. 

 The symptoms usually are on the increase for about two days, then 

 they remain stationary for the same length of time; the fever then 

 abates; the swelling recedes and becomes less painful. It is very 

 seldom, though, that all the swelling leaves the leg; generally it 

 leaves some permanent enlargement, and the animal becomes subject 

 to recurrent attacks. The parts should be bathed freely and fre- 

 quently with water as hot as the hand can bear and then fomented 

 with vinegar and water, equal parts, to which add 2 ounces of nitrate 

 of potassa for each gallon. This should be applied frequently, after 

 the hot water for the first day. Afterwards, the leg may be dried 

 with a woolen cloth and bathed with camphorated soap liniment. 

 Internally, administer artificial Carlsbad salts in 2 to 4 ounce doses 

 three times daily. Feed lightly and give complete rest. This treat- 

 ment, if instituted early in the attack, very frequently brings about 

 a remarkable change within twenty-four hours. (Spl. Rpt. Horse, 

 Dept, Ag. 1911.) 



DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



The nervous system may be regarded as consisting of two sets 

 of organs, peripheral and central, the function of one being to es- 

 tablish a communication between the centers and the different 

 parts of the body, and that of the other to generate nervous force. 

 The whole may be arranged under two divisions: First, the cere- 

 bro-spinal system; second, the sympathetic, or ganglionic system. 

 Each is possessed of its own central and peripheral organs. 



In the first, the center is made up of two portions one large 

 and expanded (the brain) placed in the cranial cavity; the other 

 elongated (spinal cord), continuous with the brain, and lodged in 

 the canal of the vertebral column. The peripheral portion of this 

 system consists of the cerebro-.spinal nerves, which leave the axis 



