440 HORSE, SWINE AND POULTRY DISEASES 



recipient of several accounts of such trouble that could not be ac- 

 counted for upon any other hypothesis. In these cases a greater or 

 less percentage of the herd would be affected, and, like barrenness, 

 the trouble is much more frequent some seasons than at others. 



Symptoms. The symptoms of abortion when due to accidental 

 causes are great uneasiness, shivering, making of a bed, violent strain- 

 ing 'and groaning. The parts are unprepared for the accident and 

 therefore is associated with considerable pain and occupies several 

 hours. If the abortion occurs within the first two months a discharge 

 of blood and a macerated foetus and membrane are all that will be 

 found. After two months the foetuses will be entire. In some cases 

 there will be a loss of appetite and an indisposition to move about for 

 a few days, while in others the disturbance is so slight as to be scarcely 

 noticeable. In the infectious form of the disease the genital tract 

 seems to be prepared and there is less disturbance than in normal 

 labor, and unless the swollen genitals and the expelled foetuses are 

 seen, the first warning of such an accident may be the recurrence of 

 heat. Infectious abortion seems to occur most frequently at the end 

 of the second month. 



Treatment. Very little can be done to arrest the act and with- 

 out knowing the cause it is hard to prevent. It is a wise measure 

 in all cases to remove abortion sows from the herd upon the as- 

 sumption that it may be infectious and that the presence of such an 

 animal may be a menace to others. (Ind. B. 100.) 



MAMMITIS. GARGET. 



Causes. Inflammation of the udder may occur in heavy milk- 

 ers, due to the fact that all of the milk is not drawn. This condi- 

 tion may exist when a part or all of the litter dies. Obstructed 

 teats will sometimes cause it. Following a difficult case of parturi- 

 tion the udder will sometimes become inflamed. 



Treatment. Remove as much milk as possible and bathe the 

 udder with hot water for twenty minutes several times a day. Knead 

 the parts thoroughly. As a local application use a dram each of tinc- 

 ture of 'belladonna and spirits of camphor in two ounces of lard, 

 rub well when applying it. A cathartic of Epsom salts or castor oil 

 should be given every other day until the condition is relieved. 

 When the teats are sore, they should be bathed once a day with 

 white lotion (one part zinc sulphate, three-fourths of a part lead 

 acetate, thirty parts water) until healed. (Ind. B. 100.) 



URTICARIA. 



Causes. Unhygienic conditions and irritation to the skin from 

 lice and drugs are frequent causes of urticaria. Young pigs are 

 predisposed to this class of skin diseases, and it may be seen in the 

 different specific diseases, as cholera and swine plague. 



Symptoms. The blotches come on the skin very suddenly, 

 usually in the night and appear as red, hot, swollen spots that may 

 run together and become very large. The spots are seen on almost 

 any part of the body. On account of the itching, the hog will 

 scratch and rub the part and the surface may become abraded. In 

 the light cases, the trouble will pass off about the second day without 



