DISEASES OF SWINE 459 



nate about 150 hogs, so that for every 6 pigs sacrificed the lives of 

 150 are saved, or one pig for 25 (4 per cent) . 



Experts Necessary to Produce Serum. Two expert graduate 

 veterinarians with several high-grade helpers are now devoting their 

 whole time to the production of this serum under the direction of the 

 head of the veterinary department. This high-grade help is neces- 

 sary; it reduces the danger of producing poor serum and also re- 

 duces the cost to a minimum as poor serum cannot be used at all. 



Cost of Serum and Size of Dose. After the serum has been 

 tested and found to be potent, it is put up in bottles of three sizes, 

 sealed, and stored in a cement cellar where it can be kept at an even 

 temperature until sent out for use. The small-sized bottle holds 100 

 cc., or enough serum to vaccinate five shotes weighing from 30 up to 

 100 pounds. The dose for this size animal is 20 cc. The larger 

 bottles hold 500 cc. and 1,000 cc., respectively, or 25 and 50 ordinary 

 doses. 



A pig weighing less than 30 pounds requires only from 10 to 

 15 cc. of serum. The large hog requires an increased dose, depend- 

 ing somewhat upon his weight and condition. Ordinarily a hog 

 weighing 500 pounds would require at least 60 cc., and me pam- 

 pered and very fat hog a larger proportionate dose. 



At the present time the cost of the serum approximates some- 

 where in the neighborhood of one and one-half cents per cubic cen- 

 timeter, at which price it is sold, making the cost per dose for the 

 shote of 100 pounds or less 30 cents for the serum only. As the 

 college has no funds for the production of the serum, it will be neces- 

 sary to make a charge for it, at least until after the meeting of the 

 next legislature. 



Only the actual cost of the production will be charged, however. 

 At this time we have not had enough experience in its manufacture 

 to gauge accurately the cost, and the price fixed above is based on the 

 best information we have in our own experience and on the experi- 

 ence of other states. Michigan charges its farmers two cents per cc., 

 or 40 cents per average dose. Minnesota charges about the same. The 

 Iowa legislature appropriated $8,000 for the manufacture of this 

 serum and they are charging their farmers "about 50 cents for a 

 dose sufficient to inoculate a hog weighing 150 pounds." Ohio has 

 three qualified veterinarians upon this work and they are selling the 

 serum at 25 cents for an average dose. 



Every economy will be practiced that is consistent with the pro- 

 duction of serum of high protective powers and free from any for- 

 eign infection. It is hoped that it will be found possible to produce 

 this serum at a lower cost than thirty cents for an average dose. In 

 any case the price will be determined by the cost of production, and 

 in no case will any profit be charged. (Kan. B. 163.) 



A 125-pound hog will produce about 550 cc. (cubic centimeters) 

 of serum at each bleeding, and at his death 1,300 cc., making a total 

 of 3,500 cc. The dose for a 125-pound pig is about 30 cc., so that 

 the average total production from a 125-pound hyper-immune pig 

 is about 115, 30 cc. doses. When it is known that it takes the blood 



