496 HORSE, SWINE AND POULTRY DISEASES 



ease producing germs. The disease may be spread by diseased 

 pigs infecting the teats of the mothers of healthy litters. 



Symptoms. The mucous membrane lining the lips and cheeks 

 is swollen and inflamed. This is frequently quite marked, the 

 enout and lips becoming so badly swollen that the pig can hardly 

 breathe. In the beginning the pig is careless of the teat and as the 

 ulceration progresses, it becomes unable to suckle. The ulcers 

 form quite readily on the lips, snout and tongue, appearing as light 

 colored spots elevated above the healthy tissue. These soon break 

 down and slough off, leaving deep cavernous excavations that may 

 involve several of the teeth, or a large portion of the lips or snout. 

 In extreme cases the end of the lower jaw or the whole snout may 

 drop off. The ulcers on the face and body appear as brown scabs 

 that soon open into deep pits or cracks. The pig acts very dull, is 

 feverish and being unable to suckle, becomes greatly emaciated 

 and soon starves to death. In advanced cases treatment does but 

 little good. If recovery does occur, the pig is usually stunted, or 

 deformed about the face or lips. The disease may end fatally in 

 from three to ten days. 



Treatment. The preventive treatment is very important. The 

 diseased pigs should be isolated from the healthy ones, the pens 

 kept clean and disinfectants used freely. The diseased pigs should 

 be dipped heel foremost into a two per cent watery solution of any 

 of the coal tar disinfectants, or the mouth dipped into a solution 

 of permanganate of potassium (one ounce to the gallon of water). 

 This must be repeated once a day for several days. It is also best 

 to wash the udder of the mother with a similar solution. When the 

 ulceration is well advanced, the dead tissue should be removed and 

 lunar caustic rubbed on the parts. It is usually economy to destroy 

 the badly diseased pigs. (Ind. B. 100.) 



ANTHRAX. 



Hogs are rarely affected by anthrax, but when this disease does 

 occur it might be readily mistaken for the acute type of hog cholera. 

 The distinguishing features of anthrax in hogs are the marked swell- 

 ing of the throat and tongue, with frequently a bloody froth in the 

 mouth, and further by the fact that anthrax in hogs usually follows 

 disease in other animals on the farm, horses, cattle, and sheep being 

 more susceptible to anthrax than hogs. (F. B. 379.) 



RABIES, HYDROPHOBIA, OR MADNESS. 



Rabies is one of the oldest known infectious diseases. Hogs do 

 not suffer as extensively from it as do dogs, cattle and horses, but 

 wherever an extensive outbreak of rabies occurs, hogs are usually re- 

 ported as dying from the disease. 



Causes. The specific cause of rabies is not known, but its being 

 due to a specific germ cannot be disputed. Rabies is a disease pro- 

 duced by inoculation, and in most cases is due to the bite of a rabid 

 dog. The saliva of all animals infected with the disease contains the 

 virus of rabies, but carnivorus animals are the only ones that have a 

 very good opportunity to bite other animals when affected. How- 

 ever, the saliva from any rabid animal, if rubbed into a wound or 



