DISEASES OF SWINE 521 



animals of these insects. The coal tar preparations which have 

 been mentioned chloro-naptholeum, zenoleum, Lincoln dip, and 

 Lee's carbolic dip leave the skin in a very soft, pliable condition, 

 and I believe that it is a very economical and sensible way out of 

 this difficulty. 



In conclusion, I desire to say that I do not wish to convey 

 the idea in this article that it is absolutely necessary to procure a 

 dipping tank. I have known instances where our American 

 farmer, with his genius for making the most of his surroundings, 

 has soon improvised a proper dipping tank with very little cost. 

 It is the purpose of the writer to urge every grower of swine to dip 

 his hogs at least every three to four weeks to have the very best 

 success, and also to use liberally any of these dips in his hog pens; 

 and he will attain the very best results and in a great measure 

 prevent infectious diseases from gaining any foothold on. his prem- 

 ises. 



We herewith mention one of the well-known sheep dips that 

 has been tried by the Government and found very effectual in, 

 the eradication of scab among sheep. The lime-and-sulphur dips 

 are somewhat dangerous. They must be prepared exactly according 

 to formula, or they are liable to produce bad results. It is not un- 

 common to find cattle with eyes swollen shut after being dipped in 

 too strong a solution of lime and sulphur. 



Kerosene Emulsion Dip. 



Hard soap or whale oil . . % pound 



Water 1 gallon 



Kerosene 2 gallons 



Dissolve the soap in boiling water and while still hot add the 

 kerosene and agitate thoroughly until cool, when the stock emul- 

 sion thus obtained should be of the consistency of thick cream and 

 without the presence of free kerosene. When ready for use, dis- 

 solve in about twenty times its volume of water. (Wis. B. 184.) 



SWINE MANGE. 



Mange is a common disease of swine. In the fall of 1909 my 

 attention was called to some suckling pigs that were scratching 

 and digging at the skin about the neck and shoulders. These pigs 

 were examined for lice, but none found. A disinfecting solution 

 of creoline gave relief. Later, on making a post-mortem examina- 

 tion on a shoat at another place, the skin on the top of the neck 

 and shoulders was observed to be covered with thick scabs. A 

 microscopical examination of the skin beneath these scabs revealed 

 the presence of large numbers of mange mites. Inquiry among 

 swine raisers indicated that swine mange is a common disease in 

 the State, but not regarded as particularly serious. 



Swine mange does not appear to be a common disease in the 

 United States. We have been unable to find any references to 

 swine mange in America, except in Dr. Kaup's little book on Ani- 

 mal Parasites. He refers to swine mange briefly and says, "Not 

 common in the United States." Judging from the numerous ref- 



