534 HORSE, SWINE AND POULTRY DISEASES 



lesions. When the tissues in these parts are affected, small pimples 

 may be felt or seen on the mucous membrane. Blindness, rabiform 

 symptoms, etc., have been reported in cases of general infection of the 

 tissues, and within a variable time exhaustion and death. 



Treatment. This is wholly preventive. Pigs should be pre- 

 vented from ingesting the fecal matter of man by using proper pre- 

 cautions. The importance of this parasite lies in the danger of man 

 becoming infested with the adult worm. The Taenia solium is an 

 armed tapeworm and gives rise to much more serious symptoms 

 than the more common unarmed form. The infection results from 

 the eating of uncooked pork. Man may also become infested with 

 the cysts. This may occur in various ways ; as a result of a reverse 

 peristalis of the intestine carrying a gravid segment into the stom- 

 ach, from a contaminated water supply and from the hand becom- 

 ing soiled at the time of defecation. In man the bladder worm may 

 develop in the eye or brain, and give rise to very serious symptoms. 

 The preventive treatment consists in tanking the parts infested with 

 cysts and eating only well cooked pork. (Ind. B. 100.) 



BLADDER WORMS. 



The bladder worm, Cysticercus tenuicollis, Leuck, is another 

 tapeworm larvae occurring in the body cavity of swine. It is also 

 found in cattle and sheep. The adult tapeworm, Taenia marginata, 

 Batsch, is found in dogs and wolves. These bladder like bodies are a 

 half an inch or more in diameter and are usually found on the folds 

 of the omentum. 



Method of Infection. The eggs of the Tasnia marginata pass 

 out with the excrement of dogs and become scattered around on the 

 ground. Infection takes place the same as in some of the other par- 

 asitic forms, the egg containing the six hooked embryo entering the 

 digestive tract along with the food. The embryo on reaching the 

 stomach and intestines is liberated by the digestive juices. It then 

 migrates from the intestines, either by crawling or by drifting along 

 in the blood until it reaches the liver. About four days after infec- 

 tion, it can be seen in this organ, lodged in the finer branches of the 

 blood vessels which it transforms into tubes, and having the appear- 

 ance of a small round kernel. After remaining here for a short time, 

 it leaves the liver and falls into the body cavity and usually encysts 

 on the omentum. Here it remains until fully developed, which re- 

 quires several months. In time, as is the case with the cysticercus, 

 it undergoes degenerative changes. If the cyst is eaten by a dog the 

 scolex or head is freed from the cyst by the digestive juices, and the 

 suckers and hooks attach themselves to the wall of the intestine and 

 developments of the segments of the tapeworm begins. 



Symptoms. The symptoms produced by the bladder worm 

 are not noticeable. No deaths have ever been reported in hogs from 

 infection by this worm. When the infection is heavy, inflammation 

 in the body cavities as a result of the migrations of the larvae may 

 occur, but the symptoms manifested by the animal are not diag- 

 nostic. It is hardly possible to recognize the disease in the living 

 animal, and if we could, the treatment would not differ from that 



