DISEASES OF CATTLE 31 



appears to have some tendency to lessen perception of pain. Aconite 

 is of value in the congestive stage of pneumonia, when the pulse is 

 strong and full, but as soon as the pulse begins to weaken its use 

 should be discontinued. Conjoined with quinine it acts beneficially 

 alike in acute sore throat, laryngitis and pleurisy when accompanied 

 with high fever. In enteritis aconite reduces the high pulse and 

 lowers the temperature. Aconite is often conjoined with belladonna 

 and opium for external application over bruises and sprains. The 

 dose of the tincture for horses is ten to thirty minims. Better results 

 are gotten by giving small and repeated doses than by a single large 

 dose. 



Potassium Bromide is a nerve sedative. It allays nervous ex- 

 citement and relieves spasm, but has little tendency to produce sleep. 

 It is used in epileptic convulsions, chorea and tetanus. In the latter, 

 however, it is of but little value. Horses and cattle take from four 

 drachms to one ounce; dogs five to ten grains. 



Chloral Hydrate is an antiseptic and topical irritant. Absorbed, 

 it has primarily a stimulant and, secondarily, a sedative action on 

 the circulation and central nervous system. Medicinal doses are 

 hypnotic, analgesic and feebly anaesthetic. Large doses produce 

 sleep. It quiets irritability and relieves spasms in strychnine poison- 

 ing. Chloral hydrate is very irritating and, when given internally, 

 must be largely diluted with water. Horses take from four to eight 

 drachms ; cattle one to two ounces ; dogs five to twenty grains. 



Cannabis Indica is an anodyne and antispasmodic. In large 

 doses it induces pleasing, dreamy narcosis. It relieves spasms and 

 excitability. It has been recommended in tetanus. It does not im- 

 pair the appetite, interfere with the bowels or produce delirium. 

 Two drachms being given on the tongue every fifteen minutes until 

 relief is obtained, or until two ounces have been given. The fluid 

 extract is the best form in which to use the drug. Horses take one- 

 half to one ounce; cattle one to two ounces; dogs one-half to one 

 drachm. 



Areca Nut is an astringent and vermicide, proving of special 

 value for dogs, destroying both round and tape worms. Better re- 

 sults are obtained, however, when it is combined with male shield 

 fern, fl. ext., ten to fifteen minims with ten grains to one drachm of 

 areca nut proving quite effectual in most cases. The drug should 

 be given in milk, to which worms are partial, and followed with a 

 dose of castor' oil. If the worms are not gotten rid of by the first dose, 

 it may be repeated in a few days. The addition of a few drops of 

 turpentine will also increase the vermicide effect. Of the powdered 

 areca nut, dogs take fifteen grains to two drachms; horses four to 

 six drachms. Areca nut is an uncertain vermicide for larger ani- 

 mals. 



Hyposulphite of Soda is an antiseptic and insecticide. It is 

 given as an internal antiseptic and to expel worms. Such actions are 

 probably due to the hydrogen sulphide given off as a result of the 

 decomposition of the hyposulphite. Two parts of the hyposulphite 

 mixed with one part of powdered charcoal destroy intestinal worms 



