44 DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, ETC. 



Where a very limited surface is to be treated, as, for example, 

 one stall, it may be possible to apply the disinfectant in a satisfac- 

 tory manner by means of a whitewash brush. In all cases, however, 

 the best method of applying the disinfectant and the lime wash is 

 by means of a strong spray pump. Such should be equipped with 

 not less than 15 feet of hose, to which may be attached a 5-foot sec- 

 tion of iron pipe of the same caliber. With a spraying nozzle at the 

 end of the pipe the operator will be enabled to proceed with the 

 greatest possible dispatch and the least possible inconvenience. 



The entire interior of the stable should be saturated with the 

 disinfectant. Special attention should be given to the feeding 

 troughs and drains. After this has dried the surface may be sprayed 

 with lime wash, provided this has not been combined with the dis- 

 infectant; and when this process has been completed it will be ad- 

 visable to open all doors and windows of the building for the ad- 

 mission of air and light. 



DISPOSAL OF BODIES OF ANIMALS DYING OF CONTAGIOUS DISEASES. 



The bodies of animals dying of contagious diseases are a men- 

 ace to the health of other animals, and even in some cases to that of 

 man, if allowed to lie exposed above ground, and it has been found 

 that in case of certain very virulent diseases, like anthrax, ordinary 

 burying is not an entirely effective safeguard. The germs of such 

 diseases retain their virulence for many years, even in the soil, and 

 are thus a constant source of danger. Of course if the diseased 

 bodies are left above ground or thrown into a ditch or stream the 

 danger of disseminating the disease is increased many fold. The 

 most effective means that have been found for disposing of such 

 diseased bodies are deep burying with free use of lime and burning. 



As Professor McDowell, of the Nevada Station, points out, the 

 first method is probably best suited to small animals, like chickens, 

 which may be quite effectively disposed of by burying at least a foot 

 deep with about one-half pint of caustic (unslaked) lime. The 

 second method (burning) Professor McDowell believes will in a 

 series of years prove the most thorough and satisfactory. The owner 

 may not always be sure of the cause of an animal's death, but if it is 

 completely destroyed by burning, no matter whether the cause of 

 death is disease or accident, no chances are taken of transmitting 

 disease either to man or animals. In absence of a furnace, or 

 specially prepared place for burning, a hole or trench 2 or 3 feet 

 deep may be dug, a layer of brushwood placed on the bottom, and 

 on this the body covered with brushwood sprinkled with kerosene. 

 Open-air burning of course requires more time and fuel than would 

 be necessary with a furnace. In a case cited by Professor McDowell 

 the complete destruction of a 1,300-pound body required 5 gallons 

 of kerosene oil, five-eighths of a cord of wood, and the time of two 

 men, each for 2% hours. 



A neighborhood organization for burning animals, with special 

 facilities, would, in all probability, decrease the cost of burning each 

 animal. 



