50 DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, ETC. 



the ground. In that case it is advisable to cover the tank with 

 earth, straw, or barn-yard manure, to prevent freezing. 



Precautions. Care should be taken that no strong disinfectant, 

 such as corrosive sublimate, is allowed to be run into the septic tank 

 from the stables or house, since any disinfectant prevents the action 

 of the bacteria in the tank ; consequently a large part of the sewage 

 will remain in a solid form and the tank will soon fill up. 



Cleaning Out the Tank. The frequency of cleaning this tank 

 depends entirely upon the kind of sewage discharged into the tank. 

 All organic matter is readily decomposed and will flow through the 

 tank, as has been stated before, but inorganic matter, such as sand, 

 crushed rock, cinders, etc., cannot be decomposed and will remain 

 in the same. If due precaution is taken in not allowing too much 

 of this inorganic matter to flow into the tank, there is little need of 

 cleaning it. For a cow barn such a tank need not be cleaned oftener 

 than once in eight months. For creameries and cheese factories 

 these tanks need not be cleaned oftener than once a year. 



Siphon. The siphon to be used in this tank for irrigating 

 purposes can be purchased from any plumbing concern. 



Cost of a Septic Tank. The cost of a tank depends somewhat 

 upon the locality and the price of material in that locality. The 

 following estimate is based on average prices: 



Cost of Round Tank (Four Compartments} . 



Digging $ 4.00 



Concrete and labor 21.00 



Lumber, 200 feet of 2-inch plank, @ $30 per M. . 12.00 



Posts, 4x4 50 



Labor 2.00 



One 15-inch sewer-pipe 75 



Two 4-inch sewer-pipe bends 1.50 



One 4-inch sewer-pipe 50 



One length of sewer pipe 25 



Total $42.50 



Cost of Rectangular Tank. 



Concrete and labor $24.20 



Digging 4.00 



Lumber 9.00 



Labor 2.00 



Two sewer-pipe bends 1.00 



One 4-inch T 50 



Two 4-inoh pipe 40 



Total $41.10 



RELATION OF WATER SUPPLY TO ANIMAL DISEASES. 

 Water is not a food within the strict meaning of the word, but 

 it is necessary to the maintenance of animal life. It forms a part of 

 every bone, muscle, nerve and tissue in the body, and in such large 

 proportions that it aggregates nearly 60 per cent, of the total weight. 



