80 DISEASE OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, ETC. 



near the surface and there is less trouble in healing the wound than 

 if the pus is deep seated. The abscess should be opened with a clean, 

 sharp knife. The poulticing should then be continued for two or 

 three days, but the form of the poultice should be changed, by re- 

 placing the bran with absorbent cotton and pouring the creolin solu- 

 tion on the cotton. At all times the wound should be kept clean and 

 the cavity injected once or twice daily with a solution of 1 dram of 

 carbolic acid in 8 ounces of water. Under this treatment the pus 

 may cease and the wound heal without complications. Saliva may 

 issue from the orifice and result in the formation of a salivary fis- 

 tula. This requires operative treatment, which should be performed 

 by a qualified veterinarian. When poulticing fails to reduce the 

 swelling or produce softening, the inflamed, area may be rubbed 

 once daily with camphorated oil, compound iodin ointment, or 

 painted twice daily with Lugol's solution of iodin. The diet should 

 be as recommended under Pharyngitis. 



Pharyngeal Polypi. Tumors form 1 not infrequently in the 

 pharynx, and may give rise to a train of symptoms varying accord- 

 ing to their size and location. The tumor may be so situated that 

 by shifting its position a little it may partially obstruct the poste- 

 rior nares (nostrils), when, of course, it will render nasal breathing 

 very noisy and labored. In another situation its partial displace- 

 ment may impede the entrance of air into the larynx. In almost 

 any part of the pharynx, but especially near the entrance of the gul- 

 let, they will interfere with the act of swallowing. As these tumors 

 are frequently attached to the wall of the pharynx by a pedicle, or 

 stalk, it will be seen that they may readily be displaced in different 

 directions so as to produce the symptoms before described. En- 

 larged postpharyngeal lymphatic glands are not rare in tubercu- 

 losis and by pressing upon the wall of the pharynx and restricting 

 the lumen of this organ they cause difficulty in both breathing and 

 swallowing. Such enlarged glands may be differentiated from 

 tumors by passing the hand into the cow's throat after the jaws are 

 separated by a suitable speculum or gag. 



Treatment. The method of treatment followed in such cases 

 is to separate the animal's jaws with an instrument termed a gag, 

 and then, after drawing the tongue partially forward, to pass the 

 hand into the pharynx and to gently twist the tumor from its at- 

 tachment. One veterinarian who has had considerable practice in 

 treating this form of disease scrapes through the attachment of the 

 tumor gradually with his thumb nail. In cases where the attach- 

 ment is too strong to be severed in this way an instrument like a 

 thimble, but possessing a sharp edge at the end, might be used to 

 effect the same purpose, or the base of the tumor may be severed 

 by the use of a crushing instrument known as an ecraseur. 



Choking. This accident usually happens from attempting to 

 swallow too large an object, such as a turnip, potato, beet, or an 

 apple or pear, though in rare cases choking may occur from bran, 

 chaff, or some other finely divided food lodging in and filling up a 



