102 DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, ETC. 



for treatment are when cattle have been highly fed and kept in a 

 skate of inactivity. At such a time there is an excess of nutritive 

 elements carried into the blood, which is associated with increased 

 fullness of the portal vein and hepatic artery. When continued 

 high feeding has produced this congested state of the liver, the func- 

 tions of that organ become disordered, so that a considerable portion 

 of the bile, instead of being excreted and passing into the intestine, 

 is absorbed by the hepatic veins. 



Symptoms. This disease, although rare, occurs most frequently 

 among stall-fed cattle. Pressure along the margin of the short 

 ribs on the right side produces pain; the appetite is poor and the 

 animal shows hardly any inclination to drink; the mucous mem- 

 branes of the eye and mouth are yellow, the urine has a yellow or 

 brown appearance, the animal ties down much and moves with 

 reluctance, moans occasionally, and has a tottering gait. The ears 

 and horns are alternately hot and cold; in cows the secretion of 

 milk is much diminished, and that which is secreted has a bitter 

 taste; sometimes the animal has a dry, painful cough and presents 

 a dull, stupefied appearance. 



Treatment. In such cases it is advisable to produce a free action 

 of tiie bowels, so as to remove the usually congested condition of the 

 portal vein and liver. For this purpose we recommend the adminis- 

 tration of the following dose : Sulphate of soda, 16 ounces ; molasses, 

 1 pint; warm water, 1 quart. The sulphate of soda is dissolved by 

 stirring it up in tepid water. Following this the animal should have 

 a heaping tablespoonful of artificial Carlsbad salts in the food three 

 times daily. This treatment may be assisted by giving occasional 

 injections of warm water and soap. The diet should be laxative and 

 moderate in quantity, and may consist of coarse bran mash, pulped 

 roots, grass in the season, and hay in moderate quantity. 



Inflammation of the Liver (Hepatitis). Hepatitis is an in- 

 flammation of the liver, and usually occurs as a complication of 

 some infectious disease. It may also occur as a complication of 

 gastro-intestinal catarrh, or in the hot weather from over-heating 

 or damaged (putrid or fermented) foods. 



Symptoms. The symptoms are sometimes obscure, and their 

 real significance is frequently overlooked. The most prominent 

 symptoms are vellowness of the white of the eye and of the mem- 

 brane lining the month, the appetite is poor, the body presents 

 an emaciated appearance, the feces are light colored, while the 

 urine is likely to be unusually dark; there is thirst, and pain is 

 caused fey pressing over the liver. The gait is weak, and the ani- 

 mal lies down more than usual, and while doing so frequently has 

 its head turned round resting on the side of its chest. 



Treatment. Give a purge of Glauber's salts, and after it has 

 operated give artificial Carlsbad salts in each feed, as advised under 

 "Jaundice." Give green food and plenty of water. Oil of turpen- 

 tine should be rubbed in well once a day over the region of the 

 liver. The skin on which it should be applied extends from the 



