108 DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, ETC. 



disease or injury to the mucous membranes, or to violent exertions 

 in coughing and sneezing. It is seldom serious. The Weeding 

 generally occurs in drops from one nostril only, accompanied by 

 sneezing, and without frothing. Bleeding from the lungs comes 

 from both nostrils, is bright red, frothy, and accompanied by a 

 cough. 



Treatment. In many cases the bleeding will cease spontane- 

 ously, and all that is necessary is to keep the animal quiet and 

 bathe the head and nostrils with cold water. Ascertain the cause 

 of the bleeding and be governed accordingly in the treatment. In 

 severe and exceptional cases, where the hemorrhage is persistent and 

 long continued, tie the animal's head to a high rack or beam and 

 apply cold water, ice, or have recourse to styptic injections. If the 

 hemorrhage is profuse and persistent, give either a drench com- 

 posed of 1^ drams of acetate of lead dissolved in a pint of water 

 or lyz drams of gallic acid dissolved in a pint of water. 



SORE THROAT (LARYNGITIS). 



Laryngitis consists of an inflammation of the mucous mem- 

 brane lining the larynx. It may be either a primary or a second- 

 ary disease, complicated or uncomplicated. In, the majority of 

 cases it is due to some form of exposure, a sudden change from 

 warm to cold surroundings, or exposure to cold storms. It may 

 also arise from inhaling irritating gases. It may be the result of 

 external violence. In an acute attack of laryngitis there is an ele- 

 vation of temperature, pain on pressure over the region of larynx, 

 violent paroxysms of coughing, difficult and noisy respiration. The 

 nostrils are dilated, the nose extended, and the animal has a fright- 

 ened expression. There is marked difficulty in swallowing. 



Treatment. This consists of fomentations and hot applica- 

 tions over the throat. Stimulating liniments, mustard mixegl with 

 cold water and well rubbed in with a stiff brush, or other forms of 

 counter-irritation may be applied in severe cases. Hot inhalations 

 should be frequently resorted to, and often afford much relief to 

 the suffering animal. In this disease medicines should be given 

 so far as possible in the form of electuaries (soft solid) , on account 

 of the difficulty of deglutition. Large drafts of medicines have a 

 tendency to produce violent spells of coughing, and in this way 

 retard recovery. The subjoined formula for an electuary will be 

 found to answer the purpose in ordinary cases: Chlorate of potas- 

 sium, pulverized, 8 ounces; fluid extract of belladonna, 2 ounces; 

 powdered opium, 1 ounce; powdered licorice root, 8 ounces; sirup, 

 sufficient quantity; mix. At frequent intervals place a small table- 

 spoonful of the mixture on the tongue or back teeth. Or the follow- 

 ing may be used instead: Aloes, powdered opium, and gum cam- 

 phor in equal parts ; mix. Rub an ounce on the molar teeth every 

 four or five hours. The bowels should be kept open and the diet 

 should be such as the patient can easily swallow. Warm, sloppy 

 mashes, boiled oatmeal gruel, linseed tea, and the like are the 

 most suitable substances. If suffocation be threatened during the 



