DISEASES OF SHEEP 491 



are the same as described in cold in the head. When the throat be- 

 comes inflamed, however, the cough is harder and more trouble- 

 some. Pressure over the outside of the region causes the animal 

 pain and provokes coughing. In severe cases the throat is swollen, 

 saliva dribbles from the mouth and the sheep is unable to take food. 

 If the nostrils become plugged by the secretions the animal breathes 

 through its mouth. Ordinarily, recovery occurs in one or two 

 weeks. 



Treatment. The ventilation of the sleeping quarters must be 

 looked after carefully. The sheep house must be kept clean, free 

 from draughts and not overcrowded. The same treatment used in 

 cold in the head is indicated in this disease ; easily digested feed, laxa- 

 tives, hot water inhalations, and febrifuges. After the first few 

 days, the wool on the throat can be clipped off and the following 

 liniment applied: spirits of turpentine, aqua ammonia and linseed 

 oil (equal parts of each) ; mix and rub on the throat once a day. 



BRONCHITIS ; INFLAMMATION OF THE BRONCHIAL TUBES. 



Causes. Bronchitis is more often seen in the spring and early 

 fall than at any other season of the year and may exist as a regular 

 enzootic among sheep. The same conditions giving rise to cold 

 in the head and sore throat may cause bronchitis, or it may occur 

 as a complication of some of the infectious diseases. 



Symptoms. The sheep is depressed and feverish, the eyes 

 watery and visible mucous membranes reddened. The cough is 

 hard and dry and usually there is a mucous discharge from the 

 nostrils. If we place the ear to the walls of the chest we hear louder 

 bronchial sounds than normal. In the croupous form of bronchitis 

 the respirations are more noisy and labored and disponea may oc-. 

 cur. When the disease is mild the symptoms are not marked, re- 

 covery takes place in a few days. Unless complications occur the 

 prognosis is favorable. 



Treatment. The treatment for common cold is usually suf- 

 ficient. A cathartic of Epsom salts (three or four ounces) can be 

 given. In the early stages of the disease febrifuges and expector- 

 ants should be given in order to lower the body temperature and stim- 

 ulate the secretions of the inflamed mucous membranes. The follow- 

 ing can be given : liquor ammonia acetate in half ounce doses every 

 three or four hours; or potassium bicarbonate (seven drams), am- 

 monia carbonate (seven drams), and powdered digitalis (one half 

 dram) ; mix and divide into eight powders; give one powder three 

 times a day. 



CROUPOUS PNEUMONIA. 



Causes. Too warm buildings, heavy fleeces and sudden ple- 

 thora predispose sheep to pneumonia. It may follow as a compli- 

 cation of bronchitis. A common cause of pneumonia is dipping 

 and shearing during changeable seasons of the year. Catarrhal 

 pneumonia is usually due to the lung worm of sheep. 



Symptoms. The disease generally takes a very acute form. 

 The body temperature is high; the pulse and respirations quick- 

 ened; nostrils dilated and the breathing labored, causing the flanks 



