DISEASES OF SHEEP 545 



treated with tobacco the second highest gain, while the sheep treated 

 with carbolic dip showed the lowest gain. 



DIPPING PLANTS. 



There are numerous kinds of dipping plants in use, the size 

 and style varying according to the conditions which are to be met 

 and the individual taste of the owner. The farmer who has but a 

 small flock can use a small portable vat for dipping, turning a part 

 of his barn or some shed into a catching pen ; by holding the sheep a 

 moment at the top of the incline, as the animals emerge from the 

 vat, and allowing them to drain, he can do away with the necessity 

 of a draining yard. 



When large flocks are to be dipped at stated periods it will be 

 economy to build a more permanent plant. Such a plant should 

 consist of (1) collecting and forcing yards, provided with a (2) 

 drive and (3) chute, or slide, into the (4) dipping vat, from whicn 

 an (5) incline with cross cleats leads to the (6) draining yards. 



Heating tanks or boilers are also necessary. For a small vat, 

 any portable caldron with a capacity of 30 to 100 gallons will 

 answer, and the proper temperature may be maintained by pouring 

 fresh hot ooze into the vat as the supply is exhausted by the dipping. 

 In the large permanent plants the temperature can best be regulated 

 by means of a steam pipe or hot water coil close to the floor of the 

 tub. 



Thermometers are an absolute necessity. The floating dairy 

 thermometer will be found to be most convenient, and several extra 

 thermometers should be kept on hand to replace broken instru- 

 ments. The thermometer is dropped into the vat and allowed to 

 float for a short time, then quickly removed and the temperature 

 determined. It is well to make paint marks at the side of the 100 

 and 110 points. 



Building Material. The yards and vat may be built of wood, 

 concrete, cemented stone, or brick, according to the individual taste 

 of the owner and the facilities at hand. 



Dimensions. The dimensions of the various parts given in the 

 following descriptions may be varied according to the breed and the 

 number of sheep to be dipped. Dipping liquid will be saved by 

 making the tub much narrower on the bottom than at the top. On 

 top, simple oblong dipping tanks vary from 1 foot 9 inches to 3 feet 

 in breadth, 2 feet or 2 feet 6 inches forming a convenient medium. 

 Floors vary from 6 inches to 3 feet in width, 9 inches forming a 



food working medium. Depth varies from 3 feet to 5 feet 6 inches, 

 feet to 5 feet forming a convenient medium. If calves are to be 

 dipped in the same vat it will be best to make the tub 5 feet or 5 

 feet 6 inches deep. 



In sinking the tub in the ground it is always well to have the 

 top of the tub 9 inches above the ground line. It is also well to sink 

 one end (where the sheep are thrown in) slightly lower than the 

 other end, as this will make it easier to empty and clean the vat. 



Crutches, or Forks. In using large vats, crutches, or dipping 

 forks, are necessary, and even with small vats they are useful. 



