548 DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, ETC. 



should be made to catch the droppings and the tags of wool, other- 

 wise the sewer pipe will become obstructed. 



Boiling, Infusing, and Settling Tanks. The arrangement of 

 the boiling tanks depends upon two factors in particular: First, 

 upon the kind of dip used; second, upon the arrangement adopted 

 for keeping the bath at the proper temperature. 



In case a steam pipe is placed near the floor of the dipping vat 

 in order to keep the ooze at its proper temperature while dipping, 

 the vat itself may be used for heating water. Clear water is run 

 into the vat and tne steam turned on full force until the proper tem- 

 perature is obtained. If a carbolic or a prepared tobacco dip is used, 

 the material may then be mixed in the vat if desired. Even in this 

 case, however, it is best to provide a separate boiling tank for heating 

 and preparing fresh ooze to replace the dip as it is used up. 



These boiling tubs may be made of wood or iron, according to 

 the facilities at hand. If steam is to be had, the square or round 

 wooden boiling tub may be used, and an open steam pipe run into it 

 to heat the water. If the steam pipe can not be used, either in the 

 vat or in the boiling tanks, iron tanks should be provided. The 

 iron tanks are set in brick or stone frames, with a fireplace below. 

 It is best to have two tanks, each with a capacity of about 400 gallons. 



If a homemade tobacco dip is prepared from the leaves there 

 should also be provided two iron infusing caldrons, each with a cover 

 and with a capacity of 80 to 120 gallons. The infusion is prepared 

 in these smaller tanks, while the bulk of the water is heated in the 

 boiling tanks or in the swim itself. 



If a lime-and-sulphur dip is used, it is absolutely necessary to 

 provide some means for settling the mixture, in order that the bath 

 may be free from sediment. This may be done in two ways. The 

 better way is to have separate settling tubs provided with bungholes 

 or pipes 3 or 4 inches from the bottom. After the mixture is thor- 

 oughly boiled it is pumped into the settling tubs and allowed to re- 

 main there until it is perfectly free from sediment; the clear liquid 

 is then run into the dipping vat and diluted with warm water to the 

 proper strength. Or the boiling tanks may also be used as settling 

 vats. A pipe with elbow joint is run into the boiling tank 3 or 4 

 inches above the bottom ; the opening of the pipe should point side- 

 wise, not up. After boiling the proper length of time the fire ia 

 removed and the liquid allowed to stand until clear; only the clear 

 ooze is drawn off, the sediment remaining on the floor of the boiling 

 tank. 



Measures and Pumps. The capacity of the vat should be 

 marked at different depths. The capacity of the boilers should also 

 be marked in the same way. If these are marked for every 100, 

 200, 300, or 500 gallons (according to the amount of dipping to be 

 done), separate measuring tanks will be unnecessary. In case the 

 tanks are not marked a separate measuring tank should be provided. 



If a homemade tobacco dip or a lime-and-sulphur dip is used, a 

 set of scales is necessary. To guess at weights in mixing lime and 



