594 DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, ETC. 



pears in the spring. A damp season favors the development of the 

 worms. When the symptoms develop early there is little chance for 

 recovery, but when they develop late, the chances of recovery are 

 good. When recovery takes place the lamb will always remain 

 dwarfed and there will be loss of flesh and fleece. 



As in the case of the hair worm, where the disease develops on 

 a pasture, the same should be abandoned for a year and in its stead 

 fields used that have been in crops. The use of surface water should 

 be avoided. 



Medicinal treatment promises more in the case of this parasite 

 than in that of the hair lung worm. These parasites lying free in 

 the bronchial tube may be reached to a limited extent. Internal 

 medicants that may be eliminated through the lungs, inhalation and 

 intra-trachael medication have all been recommended. After re- 

 viewing considerable literature upon the subject, it appears that 

 few remedies are better than turpentine. This may be given both 

 internally and by inhalation. If ^iven internally, about a dram 

 may be administered with a little milk or oil to make an emulsion. 

 If given as an inhalation, a couple of ounces may be placed on the 

 surface of a bucket, or kettle of hot water and allowed to diffuse in a 

 small, close stable. Or equally as good, a quantity poured on some 

 hot bricks. Either method will require repetition. Good food and 

 tonic will also be necessary to maintain the general body condition. 



PLANT POISONING OF STOCK IN MONTANA. 



Losses from poisonous plants are more extensive in the case of 

 sheep than in the case of other stock, and the greater part of this ac- 

 count will be occupied with descriptions of the conditions which 

 lead to such poisoning, the plants concerned, and the methods for 

 preventing serious losses. Sheep raisers, as a rule, are so situated 

 that a part of their grazing range lies on level plains, while another 

 portion extends over foothills and mountains. It should be remem- 

 bered that many of them control large tracts of country, and that, 

 therefore, large portions of their ranges lie at a considerable dis- 

 tance from the home ranch. The sheep are managed in the way in 

 which they will be able to find the best grazing conditions during 

 the greater part of the year. Most sheep men put up a quantity of 

 hay for the winter, but in ordinary seasons it is expected that the 

 sheep will obtain their sustenance during nearly all the year from 

 the native plants growing upon the ranges. In general, the differ- 

 ent bands of sheep, especially the ewe bands, are kept near the home 

 ranch during the winter season and until after the lambing and 

 shearing seasons are past in the early summer that is, until about 

 the 10th of July. They are then driven away to the summer range, 

 which may be on level plains, but usually lies on the foothills or 

 mountains. 



Sheep raisers have long understood the dangers from poisonous 

 plants in the early spring on mountain ranges, and have also under- 

 stood that it is comparatively safe to allow sheep to graze in such 

 situations from July until October. In connection with this annual 



