HORTICULTURE 235 



growing trees; fruit red, yellow or black, mostly heart-shaped or 

 pointed and generally sweet. The groups known as Hearts, Bigar- 

 reaus, and Dukes are included in this type ; and as representatives of 

 it and the three groups respectively, may be mentioned the varieties 

 Governor Wood and Black Tartarian, Windsor and Napoleon, May 

 Duke and Reine Hortense. The sour cherries are readily recognized 

 by a low, round headed, and spreading tree ; fruit roundish and gen- 

 erally sour. The groups known as Morellos and Amerelles belong 

 to the sour cherries ; and as representatives of this type and the two 

 groups respectively, may be mentioned the varieties English Morello 

 and Louis Phillippe, Early Richmond and Montmorency. As a rule 

 the sour cherries are the later in ripening and the hardier of the two 

 types. (N. Mex. E. S. B. 39.) 



Commercial Possibilities. The cherry is probably grown less 

 for commercial purposes than any of our other orchard fruits, not 

 because the profits of growing it are less but because the fruit ripens 

 in midsummer and requires more work to harvest than any of the 

 other fruits. The cherry is what might be called a home fruit. The 

 tree is small growing and naturally ornamental and appropriate to 

 plant in house yards and near buildings. 



The demand for the fruit is staple and it is very seldom that 

 a glut in the cherry market is heard of. It is a fruit that has been 

 neglected by commercial fruit growers and deserves to be much 

 more widely planted. (la. E. S. B. 73.) 



THE GRAPE. 



The grape should be more frequently found growing on the 

 farmer's premises. It is of easy culture and brings almost certain 

 reward for the care and attention bestowed upon it. It is a mistaken 

 notion that its culture requires special skill and knowledge beyond 

 his abilities. (F. B 156.) 



There are about twenty species of wild grapes in America. Few 

 of them, however have been fully tested under cultivation. The 

 grapes commonly grown in this country east of the Rocky Mountains 

 are of native origin, but in the Pacific Coast States a number of 

 European varieties are grown in great perfection. Some points of 

 interest in this connection are grouped under the following heads: 

 (a) Several varieties of the European wine and table grapes (Vitis 

 vinifera) do well in California and adjoining States but fail in the 

 Eastern States. Among these are the Tokay, Sultana, and Muscat. 

 (6) The best table grapes of the Eastern States have originated from 

 the native Fox grape (Vitis labrusca). Of these the Concord is the 

 most widely and generally grown, (c) Hybrids of the above-men- 

 tioned species exist in large numbers. It has been found that the 

 presence of any considerable amount of the European wine grape in 

 any variety usually causes a corresponding loss in hardiness. The 

 Rogers hybrids are examples of this, (d) the Vitis riparia or the 

 River Bank grape of the North crossed with the Vitis labrusca has 

 furnished a few extremely hardy kinds, as the Janesville and Beta. 

 These are a great improvement over the original River Bank variety. 

 (e) In the South there are other species that have produced good 



