406 HORTICULTURE, FORESTRY, FLORICULTURE 



cordwood, fence posts, and farm repair material are higher in this 

 than in any other portion of the State. This fact, coupled with the 

 value of the land for agriculture, makes this region a splendid field 

 for farm planting where quick-growing species will produce fence 

 posts and other timber in a comparatively short time. Though 

 more planting has been done in this section of the State than in 

 any other, the early purposes of planting were rather vague. Two 

 kinds of timber were planted. Of these white pine leads in the 

 class of slow growers and black locust of the rapid growers. No 

 great degree of success has been attained and the value of the early 

 planting has been mainly! educational. The great area of the 

 near-by central mountain region, which is more valuable for trees 

 than for any other crop, makes it desirable to devote woodlots on 

 these plains to rapid-growing species. Those which seem to give 

 the best promise are red oak, European larch, tulip poplar, and, 

 where preservative treatment can be given, cottonwood, silver maple, 

 white willow, loblolly pine, and pitch pine. Catalpa has proven 

 successful enough to justify its limited use on rich soils, and with 

 proper methods of growth it should prove a valuable post tree. 



Where planting is needed in the central mountains the species 

 used should be white pine and spruce, and hardwoods such as red 

 and scarlet oaks, tulip poplar, white ash, and basswood. 



The western hill section ranks next to the southeastern plains 

 in agricultural value, yet contains a much larger proportion of land 

 adapted to trees. Here planting will add to the general value both 

 of the farm and forest areas. Since there are considerable areas of 

 essentially nonagricultural land separating the agricultural sections, 

 slower-growing species for the production of large timbers will be 

 profitable, while, as on the southeastern plains, quick-growing species 

 may be planted to advantage on many of the farms. Thus far, 

 however, very little planting has been done. In the western hills 

 the soil is admirably adapted to white pine, European larch, and 

 hardwoods such as red, yellow, and scarlet oaks, white ash, bass- 

 wood, honey locust, and rapid-growing species such as cottonwood, 

 soft maple, and white willow, to be used in connection with pre- 

 servatives. 



In New Jersey forest planting is rapidly increasing. For 

 timber production the species which have been chiefly planted are 

 white pine, Scotch pine, white ash, and white elm, though species 

 which give the best promise are the rapid-growing pines and spruces. 



In the Lake States, which have a southern hardwood forest 

 and a northern coniferous forest, forest planting is rapidly increas- 

 ing. The principal species which Have been planted are white pine, 

 Scotch pine, Norway pine, European larch, and, to some extent, 

 the more rapid growing hardwoods such as locust, catalpa, black 

 walnut, cottonwood, ash, and elm. As in the East, woodlots are 

 deteriorating and require interplanting. Excellent trees for this 

 purpose are the white pine, the Scotch and Austrian pines, and the 

 Norway spruce. The rapid-growing hardwoods which make such 



