474 HORTICULTURE. FORESTRY, FLORICULTURE 



bridal wreath, snowberry, tall bush cranberry, Japanese snowball, 

 single Japan snowball, withe rod, Ramanan's rose (Jap.), ground- 

 sel-tree and sweet pepper bush. 



The list of shrubs just mentioned is usually mixed with and 

 backed up by the third classification, which are those plants which 

 when full grown are taller than 6 or 7 feet ; but which do not reach 

 the proportion or character of small trees. In the list we have the 

 lilac, large flowering mock orange, five fingered aralia, common 

 barberry, witch hazel, strawberry tree, Amoor's privet, buckthorn, 

 red and black elderberries, smoke tree, arrow wood, wayfaring tree, 

 sheepbeny, arbor vitae (evergreen), red twigged dogwood and 

 hazel. 



Small ornamental trees which may be placed singly or in 

 groups of three about 8 feet apart among the shrubs in the border 

 plantation are the red bud, flowering dogwood, staghorn sumac, 

 white birch, maidenhair tree and the smooth sumac. 



Certain shrubs are of such a type that they should be used 

 singly, as specimen plants. They are usually set a little out from 

 the main mass of shrubbery into the border which serves as a back- 

 ground to set off the specimen to best advantage. Of such shrubs 

 we have the hardy hydrangea, rose of sharon, spindle tree, white 

 fringe, flowering almond, and hawthorn. 



Ornamental Trees. If the front lawn is small do not attempt 

 to plant trees in it, and especially not exactly in the middle. How- 

 ever, on a wide, spacious lawn nothing is more desirable than a few 

 groups of shade trees or single specimens placed a little to one side 

 of the center line and near that portion of the grounds where shade 

 is needed. Some of the best ornamental shade trees are the Ameri- 

 can linden, horse chestnut, American elm, tulip tree, hackberry, 

 mossy cupped oak and others, sycamore and maple. (111. E. S. 

 Cir. 135.) 



Vines. House vines are not easily classified, but they may be 

 grouped primarily (1) as for green covers and (2) for floral display. 

 The former would include the ivies, the hedera leading, for, in the 

 North, it does not even bloom and its leaves are evergreen. The 

 Japanese ivy is of the same close-clinging type (although its method 

 of holding fast by tendril discs is far different from that of by 

 true roots in the English ivy), but has deciduous foliage of a 

 much more sprightly tone of green. As to the flowers, only the 

 bees usually know of them, and on from the middle of July, the 

 results of the blossoming, are obtaining in the form of clusters of 

 blue-black spherical grape-like berries that, hanging near the naked 

 wall after the leaves have gone, give an earnest of the fruitfulness 

 of the green cover in the summer and early autumn. All the colors 

 that appear in the rose in its fleeting summer petals are here con- 

 served and flashed out for weeks in the autumnal foliage. In sheer 

 splendor there is no climbing plant that equals the Japanese ivy 

 when it assumes its October garb. As met with at its best it seems 

 as if the Artist had dipped the giant brush in a harmonious mix- 

 ture of crimson and gold and touched the walls as an earnest of 



