642 HORTICULTURE, FORESTRY, FLORICULTURE 



who has besides to look after truck patches and garden in his stock 

 and dairy interests. The forty acres will produce forty bushels of 

 corn per acre ; the twenty acres of oats will produce thirty-five bushela 

 per acre ; the corn is marketed for forty cents per bushel and the oats 

 for thirty-three and one-third cents per bushel. The gross returns 

 will be as follows: 

 40 acres of corn, 40 bushels per acre, 1,600 bushels, at 40 



cents per bushel $640.00 



20 acres of oats, 35 bushels per acre, 700 bushels, at 33 1-3 



cents per bushel 233.00 



Total proceeds $873.00 



This represents the value of the farmer's time in growing the 

 crops, the rent of the land, the cost of harvesting, the cost of seed, 

 etc. The net proceeds will not be estimated. The farmer can 

 judge by his own experience what part of the gross returns may be 

 counted as net proceeds. 



Turning now to the other side of the comparison : 



60 acres of sugar beets, 10 tons per acre, 600 tons, at $5 $3,000 



Cost of growing the beets, at $30 per acre 1,800 



Net returns ...$1,200 



Comparing results it is found that sixty acres of sugar beets 

 have produced in net profits nearly fifty per cent more than the gross 

 returns in the other case. It must not be assumed that one man can 

 grow sixty acres of sugar beets. It will require nine other men to 

 assist this farmer in accomplishing this work with beets, but these 

 men and a compensation for the use of capital employed in paying 

 for labor, as well as for the time of the farmer himself, are paid 

 out of the estimated cost of production of the beets. 



By-Products and Their Uses. The most effective sources of im- 

 provements of the beet-sugar industry is the utilization of the by- 

 products, not only those of known value, but those to be developed. 

 The utilization of the pulp alone, when it shall have become a staple 

 article of animal food everywhere, will materially increase its market 

 value and decrease the cost of the production of sugar. 



Beet Pulp. There is not an herbivorous animal on the farm 

 that will not readily eat pulp if given an opportunity ; there is not one 

 will not be greatly benefited by it. It is good for horses, cattle, and 

 sheep, and it is especially desirable for brood animals and dairy 

 cows. It is a food that can be easily stored and kept, and instead of 

 deteriorating it actually improves with age. It can be kept for sev- 

 eral years if necessary. This is not usually necessary, but the fact is 

 mentioned to demonstrate its lasting qualities. 



Its hygienic effects appeal for it as much as its nutritive value. 

 It is especially desirable in a food ration made up largely of grains 

 and dry forage. If received directly from the factory, it is moist; 

 if it is served in the dry state, it must be moistened like bran before 

 it is used. The universal verdict of those long experienced in the use 

 of pulp is that its sanitary qualities are very beneficial. It is not 

 only nutritious in itself, but it stimulates digestion and makes the 



