62 INSECTS AFFECTING VEGETATION 



several inches, and attacking the young foliage about the first of 

 June. The larvae also works on the foliage, following the adults. 



When on old trees not in bloom, these beetles may be killed 

 with paris-green and lime, one pound of the poison to one hundred 

 and seventy-five gallons of water, but on very young trees the case is 

 more difficult. Mr. Geismar, the superintendent of the Upper 

 Peninsula Experiment Station, points out the fact that the beetles 

 either hibernate or pupate under the surface of the soil, often at a 

 depth of several inches, and usually within a few inches of the base 

 of the tree. He finds also that they are almost sure to climb the tree 

 instead of flying, being somewhat sluggish on first coming to the 

 surface. This suggests the use of narrow bands of sticky fly-paper 

 or loose cotton at such times in the case of young trees. The beetles 

 eat very voraciously and a few dozen can work havoc in a young tree, 

 especially if it is in bloom and one does not wish to spray. 



[Bud Moth, see page 43; Cherry Slug or Pear Slug, see 

 pages 47 and 58; Apple-Tree Tent-Caterpillar, see page 39; 

 White-Marked Tussock-Moth, see page 41 ; Canker- Worms, see 

 page 38; Fall Web- Worm, see page 39.] 



INSECTS AFFECTING THE BARK. 



[Fruit Bark-Beetle, see page 32; San Jose Scale, see 

 page 32.] 



The Cherry Fruit-Fly. The work of this cherry maggot causes 

 large losses. The maggots feed upon the juicy flesh of the ripening 

 cherry, usually near the pit. They form an irregular, rotten-appear- 

 ing cavity which is represented by the black cavity near the pit. 

 Until the maggots get nearly full-grown their work does not show 

 on the surface of the fruit. Soon after picking-time, however, tho 

 rotting extends to the skin which sinks in. Usually but a single 

 maggot is found in a cherry; we have sometimes found a second, 

 but always much smaller, maggot in the same fruit. The maggots 

 do not tunnel all through the flesh of the cherry as does the apple 

 maggot in apples. The insect doubtless spends the winter in the 

 soil, usually not more than an inch below the surface. During the 

 spring months, the transformation from a pupa to the adult insect 

 takes place. 



Doubtless the pest will spread quite slowly from tree to tree and 

 thus from orchard to orchard, as the adult insects are slow in their 

 movements and are not long-fliers. This is a very important fact for 

 it makes the checking of this new cherry pest largely an individual 

 matter, to be worked out independently by each cherry-grower. 

 Doubtless the sweetened arsenical sprays now employed against the 

 apple maggot adults will be found effective in this case. The insects 

 of the peach and plum are nearly identical. (Bui. 172, Cornell 

 Agr. Exp. Sta.) 



GRAPE INSECTS. 



The Grape Root-Worm. As the name indicates this worm in- 

 fests the roots of the grape, devouring more or less completely the 



