DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS 479 



suffer rather severely from this disease, while the Elberta may be 

 considered somewhat less affected, although the crop of this variety 

 often becomes badly diseased. The varieties that ripen earlier than 

 Elberta are as a rule only slightly or moderately affected. This is 

 especially true of the Carman, Hiley, Champion, and Belle. On the 

 other hand, the Mountain Rose and Early Rivers are quite suscept- 

 ible to the disease. 



The development of the self-boiled lime-sulphur mixture as a 

 fungicide has made possible the control of the scab without injury ta 

 the fruit or foliage. The injury produced by this disease may be 

 almost entirely prevented at a small cost. This has been abundantly 

 demonstrated through experiments conducted by the Bureau of 

 Plant Industry during the past three or four years. (F. B. 440.) 



Most of the peach orchards in the eastern half of the United 

 States should be given the combined treatment for brown-rot, scab, 

 and curculio. This is particularly true of the southern orchards, 

 where all these troubles are prevalent. In some of the more north- 

 ern orchards the curculio is not very troublesome, but as a rule it will 

 probably pay to add the arsenate of lead in at least the first lime- 

 sulphur application. 



The self-boiled lime-sulphur mixture referred to in the follow- 

 ing outlines of treatment should be made of a strength of 8 pounds 

 of lime and 8 pounds of sulphur to each 50 gallons of water, and the 

 arsenate of lead should be used at the rate of 2 pounds to each 50 

 gallons of the mixture or of water. When the poison is used in 

 water there should be added the milk of lime made from slaking 2 

 to 3 pounds of good stone lime. When used in the lime-sulphur 

 mixture additional lime will not be necessary. (F. B. 440.) 



Midseason Varieties. The midseason varieties of peaches, such 

 as Reeves, Belle, Early Crawford, Elberta, Late Crawford, Chairs, 

 Fox, and Beers Smock, should be sprayed as follows : 



(1) With arsenate of lead alone, about 10 days after the petals 

 fall, or at the time the calyxes are shedding. 



(2) With self-boiled lime-sulphur and arsenate of lead, two 

 weeks later, or four to five weeks after the petals have been shed. 



(3) With self-boiled lime-sulphur alone, four to five weeks 

 before the fruit ripens. 



Late Varieties. The Salway, Heath, Bilyeu, and varieties with 

 a similar ripening period should be given the same treatment pre- 

 scribed for midseason varieties, with an additional treatment of 

 self-boiled lime-sulphur alone, to be applied three or four weeks 

 after the second application. 



Early Varieties. The Greensboro, Carman, Hiley, Mountain 

 Rose, and varieties having the same ripening period should reecivo 

 the first and second applications prescribed for midseason varieties. 

 Where the curculio is not particularly bad, as in Connecticut, west- 

 ern New York, and Michigan, the first treatment, which is for this 

 insect only, may be omitted. Also for numerous orchards through- 

 out the Middle States where the insect, especially in the younger 

 orchards, is not yet very troublesome, orchardists should use their 



