486 



the poor growth is known to be caused by such factors as scale or 

 borers it may be better economy to leave the tree if it can be properly 

 cared for. (N. J. E. S. B. 226.) 



Gummosis of Peach. Cases of gummosis in peach trees are not 

 uncommon. Gum starts to flow from the trunk or larger branches 

 during the early part of the summer tand large drops are formed 

 on the bark, often reaching an inch in diameter and nearly as 

 round as marbles. The bark becomes broken down to such an 

 extent that the tree is girdled and finally dies. Trees in the early 

 stages can apparently be saved by a vertical slitting of the bark 

 about the affected part. Make the cuts about two inches apart 

 and as deep as possible with a sharp knife. The recovery of trees 

 thus treated would seem to indicate that the trouble is due to a 

 tightening, or binding, of the old bark. 



Physiological Troubles. Many yellow pear trees have come 

 under observation during the season, and in most cases the trouble 

 can be attributed to; poor soil conditions, probably to excessive 

 watering. 



Copper Sulphate Injury. Copper sulphate has been placed 

 about trees with injurious results. When taken up by the roots 

 in strong solutions it deadens the tissue through which it passes. 

 Its use should be discouraged, as it has not been proven of any 

 value in combating root diseases. 



Arsenical Poisoning. The stock solution used in preparing 

 arsenite of lime, and made by dissolving white arsenic in water 

 and sal soda, is very destructive to plant life. The practice of 

 keeping this solution under a tree in the orchard should be aban- 

 doned. A very small amount spilled on the ground may mean 

 the loss of the tree. The fumes given off by this material when 

 being boiled is injurious to plant life and the boiling should be 

 done at some distance from the orchard. (Col. E. S. B. 43.) 



Shot-Hole Fungus on Cherry Fruit-Pedicels. In New York 

 State the shot-hole fungus, Cylindrosporium padi Karst., does 

 more or less damage every season. It is destructive to both plums 

 and cherries in the nursery and in the orchard. Among cherries, 

 the English Morello is especially susceptible to the disease. Trees of 

 this variety often drop their leaves quite freely as early as June 26 

 and in some cases the trees are nearly defoliated by August 1. 



On June 26 while examining some seriously affected English 

 Morello trees at Milton it was observed that many of the fruit- 

 pedicels bore brown spots of considerable size. Upon microscopic 

 examination it was found that the spots were caused by the shot- 

 hole fungus, Cylindrosporium padi. 



On July 11 the same thing was observed at Highland. In 

 this case there was a long row of English Morello trees all heavily 

 loaded with fruit. So many leaves had fallen that the trees looked 

 bare. The fruit-pedicels were so generally attacked by the fungus 

 that it was somewhat difficult to find one which was entirely free 

 from the brown spots. The spots were from one-eighth to one- 



