252 



fits that may be secured in the way of transportation. (Y. B. 1900; 

 Ont, Agr. Dept. B. 192; F. B. 309.) 



Results. In the fruit growing sections of the Pacific slope co- 

 operation in production and in marketing has passed the experi- 

 mental stage. As an example of the good effects that may be 

 secured by this co-operation, the Grand Junction Fruit Growers' 

 Association of California, in ten years increased the number of cars 

 of fruit shipped from 167 to 1,036; the total amount paid growers 

 from $54,085 to $555,813, and the volume of business from $88,937 

 to $814,278. (F. B. 309.) Ca> lot shipments are always much 

 more economical than in less than car lots, and by the operation of 

 the Association in collecting together large quantities of any farm 

 product, very much can be saved in shipping by the car-load and 

 m the proper care and handling of the shipment. 



Method of Organization. The details of organizing will vary 

 more or less in their solution, depending greatly on the nature of the 

 region, and the crops to be handled, and the volume of business to 

 be conducted. First of all should be careful study of the co-opera- 

 tive movement and getting the idea. Learn the ethics and science 

 of the movement; having learned that co-operation seeks for the 

 highest moral qualities and best business acumen of its members, 

 teach these principles in season. Get the advice of the best co-opera- 

 tive leaders. Conditions, however, that make for success in one sec- 

 tion may not exist in another. Many of the societies that have been 

 organized are very faulty in construction, but this is not recognized 

 by the manager or officers. In many cases the personality of some 

 individual in the society makes it a success. When he drops out 

 trouble will come because of faulty organization. The personality 

 of certain men, however, is a great aid to success. Get the leaders 

 in your section interested and half the battle is won. (F. B. 309; 

 Ont. Dep. Ag. B. 192.) Study the business possibilities of your 

 section and every branch of farming thoroughly. Begin by organiz- 

 ing the branch that seems to offer the greatest likelihood of success. 

 Do not fear to wait for results, people must learn slowly either by 

 education or experience. (Ont. Dept. Ag. Bui. 192.) 



Causes of Failure. Among the causes of failures may be 

 classed: Unreasonable and cranky members; starting on too large 

 a scale; allowing expenses to run higher than the business guaran- 

 teed; poor systems of book-keeping; bad by-laws and bad manage- 

 ment; dishonesty; no attention paid to the training of men. (Ont. 

 Ag. Col. Rp.) 



Co-operation aims to regulate the returns of the middle man 

 and to hire him to do the farmers' business. In order that a man- 

 ager shall do his best he must be able to give a great deal of his 

 time to the affairs of the society, this means he must be paid a fair 

 return. The idea of working together is not thoroughly under- 

 stood, nor the moral qualities of understanding and mutual helpful- 

 ness appreciated in business. Private business is intensely selfish. 

 This is the common cause of the failure of societies among the farm- 

 ers. Some individuals want more than others, and are not willing 



