684 MISCELLANEOUS FARM SUBJECTS 



the benefit of agriculture and mechanic arts, and granting 20,000 

 acres of land for each Member of Congress for this purpose. In the 

 next session of Congress the bill passed both Houses, but was vetoed 

 by President Buchanan. Mr. Morrill persisted in his efforts to se- 

 cure national aid for industrial education, and on December 16, 

 1861, introduced an amended bill. A similar measure was intro- 

 duced in the Senate May 2, 1862, by Benjamin Wade, of Ohio. 

 On May 28 the bill was reported adversely in the House by the 

 Committee on Public Lands, but was passed by the Senate June 10, 

 and nine days later by the House. President Lincoln approved the 

 bill July 2, 1862. 



The amended bill bestowed 30,000 acres of land for each mem- 

 ber of Congress upon the several States for the establishment of col- 

 leges to teach such branches of learning as are related to agricul- 

 ture and the mechanic arts, in order to promote the liberal and 

 practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits 

 and professions in life. 



In 1890 Mr. Morrill succeeded in having Congress pass a sec- 

 ond bill designed to aid industrial education. It was signed by 

 President Harrison, August 30, 1890. This second Morrill act pro- 

 vided that there should be annually appropriated to each State and 

 Territory, out of the funds arising from the sale of public lands, for 

 the more complete endowment and maintenance of colleges for the 

 benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts established under the 

 act of 1862, the sum of $15,000 for the year ending June 30, 1890, 

 and an annual increase of the amount of such appropriation for ten 

 years thereafter by an additional sum of $1,000 over the preceding 

 year, and that then the amount shall continue at $25,000. This 

 money can be applied only to instruction in agriculture, the me- 

 chanic arts, the English language, and the various branches of 

 mathematical, physical, natural, and economic science, with special 

 reference to their applications in the industries of life, and to the 

 facilities for such instruction. (Y. B. 1899 and 1894.) 



There are now in the United States 67 agricultural colleges, 

 organized under the acts of Congress of July 2, 1862, August 30, 

 1890, and March 4, 1907, giving Government aid to colleges for the 

 benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts. In 16 States sepa- 

 rate institutions are maintained for white and colored students, and 

 in 15 of these courses in agriculture are maintained. The colleges 

 of agriculture may be divided into three classes, determined by dif- 

 ferences in their organization: (1) Colleges offering only agricul- 

 tural courses; (2) colleges offering additional courses, especially 

 those in mechanic arts; and (3) colleges of agriculture connected 

 with universities. 



The only purely agricultural college in the United States is that 

 in Massachusetts. Agricultural and mechanical colleges are main- 

 tained in Alabama, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Iowa, 

 Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, New Hamp- 

 shire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, 

 Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, 



