CLASSIFICATION OF VERTEBRATA 37 



Steatornithidae. Steatornis. Peru to Trinidad. 

 Podargidae. Australia and Papuasia. 



Podargus, Batrachostomus, Nyctibius, etc. 

 Caprimulgidae. Cosmopolitan. 



Caprimulgus, Chordeiles, etc. 



4. Sub -order CYPSELI. The tenth, terminal, remex is 

 the longest. With short spina sterni externa and interna. 

 No caeca. 



Cypselidae. Cosmopolitan. 



Cypselus, Chaetura, Collocalia, Dendrochelidon, etc. 

 Trochilidae. American : Trochilus, Patagona, etc. 



5. Sub-order COLII. First and fourth toes reversible. 

 Coliidae. Ethiopian : Colius. 



6. Sub- order TKOGONES. Heterodactyle ; first and 

 second toes directed forwards ; third and fourth backwards. 

 Tropical. 



Trogon and Pharomacrus in America. Hapaloderma in 



Africa. Harpactes in Indo-Malaya. 

 Trogon gallicus. Miocene, France. 



7. Sub -order PICI. Tendon of the m. flexor hallucis 

 sending a strong vinculum to that of the m. flexor profundus 

 digitorum, the tendon of which goes to the third toe only. 

 Zygodactylous. Neotropical. 



Galbulidae. Galbula, Jacamarhalcyon, etc., Bucco, etc. 



Capitonidae. Palaeotropical and neotropical. 



Capito, Megalaema, Pogonorhynchus, etc., Indicator. 

 Palaeotropical. 



RhampJiastidae. Neotropical. 

 Ehamphastus, Selenidera, etc. 



Picidae. Cosmopolitan excluding Madagascar and Aus- 

 tralian regions. Picus, Tiga, Picumnus, etc., Yunx. 



14. Order Passeriformes. Nidicolous. Aegithognathous, 

 without basipterygoid processes. 



Spina externa sterni large, spina interna absent. 



Quintocubital. Toes normal. 



1. Sub-order PASSEEES ANISOMYODAE, Gadow. Indo- 

 Malayan, New Zealand ; neotropical and nearctic. 



SUBCLAMATORES. Deep plantar flexor tendons, connected 

 by a vinculum. 



