INDEX 



325 



142 ; silicified chalk, 150 ; date of 

 formation, 153 ; weathering, 155 ; 

 and geological time, 157; mineral 

 characters, 163 ; bibliography, 165 



Forbes, E., Palseanodonta, 195; centres 

 of creation, 266 



Foraminifera, silicified, 150 



Fossils, absence of from pre-Cambrian 

 rocks, 28 



Fracastoro, 221 



Freeh, 283-288 



Freshwater faunas, 166-218 ; British, 

 167 ; poverty of, 169 ; influence of 

 medium, 171 ; of climate, 173 ; of 

 river movement, 177 ; means of 

 dispersal, 179 ; fossil freshwater 

 shells, 195-208 ; lake Tanganyika, 

 208 ; summary, 216-218 



Funafuti, 86-132 ; recent elevation, 

 107 ; ocean beach, 112 ; submarine 

 slopes of, 117 ; successful boring, 

 119 ; composition of core, 123 ; 

 Tertiary limestones, 125 ; talus 

 growth, 126 ; limit of coral growth, 

 129 ; dolomitisation, 130 ; lagoon 

 deposits, 130 ; the Tyrol, 131 



GAIMARD (and Quoy), limit of coral 

 growth, 91 



Ganges, deluge of the delta, 315 



Geikie, Sir A., 16; rate of deposition 

 of sediment, 37 ; growth of peat, 40; 

 volcanos, 83 



Gemmules of sponges, 185 



Geologies and deluges, 290-322. Bur- 

 nett's deluge, 293 ; discordances 

 and deluges, 296; diluvium, 298; 

 Mesopotamia, 303 ; George Smith's 

 discovery, 309 ; Chaldean deluge, 

 311 ; Egypt and China, 321 



Geology, its aim and scope, 4 



Geothermic gradient, 17-20, 61-63 



Geyser in Iceland, 23 



Gilbert, G. K., tilting of North 

 America, 39 



Gizdubar, 317 



Glacial periods, 270 



Glochidium, 179 



Gnathodon, 176 



Goniobasis macilenta, 202, 203 



Gordon, Mrs. (Miss Ogilvie), on Tyrol, 



131 



Grapsus, a shore crab, 112 

 Graptolites, 275, 281 

 Green, Lowthian, tetrahedral form of 



earth, 55 

 Gyroporella, 131 



HALDANE, geothermic gradient, 62 



Halimeda, 131 



Hall, Sir J., 246 



Hall, T. S., graptolite zones, 275 



Halligan, G. H., limit of coral growth, 



129 ; boring in lagoon, 130 

 Hawaii, 22 



Heat, loss of, by earth, 62 

 Heilprin, A., 270 



Heincke, brackish water fauna, 208 

 Hinde, Dr., Funafuti, 124 ; tertiary 



limestone, 125 

 Hise, van, Professor, 29 

 Homotaxis, 267 



Huddlestone, Tanganyika, 212, 214 

 Hudson, C. T., Kotifers, 188 

 Hutton, 1, 2, 241 

 Huxley, on chalk, 158 ; on evolution, 



254 ; homotaxy, 266 

 Hydra, eggs of, 186 



INDIAN Ocean, secondary origin of, 50 

 Interior of earth, 7 

 Inversion, absence of, 271 

 Izdubar, 318 



JEANS, J. H., form of the earth, 47 



deformation of the earth, 49 

 Jelly-fish, freshwater, 209, 210, 211 

 Joly, J., age of earth, 9, 16, 21 ; ex 



pansion of basalt, 60 ; radium, 63 

 Judd, Prof. J. W., Funafuti, 123; 



tertiary limestone, 126 ; talus growth, 



127 



