40 BITS AND BRIDLE GEAR. 



not be used with a tight nose-band ; because, when a strong 

 hold is taken of the reins, it opens out somewhat in the 



Fig. 44. Newmarket Snaffle. 



form of a VV> an d it would under such conditions, be apt 

 to hurt the roof of the mouth. Its nut-cracker principle is 

 altogether wrong (pp. 71 and 72). 



