JUDGING PACE. 407 



fact that the distances of these gallops are seldom if ever 

 marked out, introduces an element of uncertainty which 

 renders an English training ground all but useless as a school 

 for instruction in pace. 



In India, where I trained many winners, training gallops are 

 almost always given on round courses which are as nearly as 

 possible level, and which have each quarter of a mile marked 

 out by posts that can be seen from a distance. The trainer 

 usually times each gallop, and, by means of a split centre 

 seconds watch, can tell the time for each quarter of a mile, 

 and can thus point out to his riding lads any faults they may 

 commit in judging the rate of speed, either for the whole 

 gallop or for its compon2nt parts. From practice of this 

 kind, these lads, if capable, soon acquire the ability of riding 

 a gallop of, say, a mile, to within a very few seconds of the 

 time they set themselves to cover it. I have invariably found 

 in the many cases which have come under my observation, that 

 this practice greatly improves the pace judging ability of 

 English jockeys who go out to India. In Training and Horse 

 Management in India, I have given the following approximate 

 time scale of speed for a horse which could do a mile in 

 I minute 48 seconds, with the weight he is accustomed to 

 carry in his training gallops : 



Quarter speed . ... 3 min. 50 sec. 



Half speed 2 , , 45 , , 



Three-quarter speed . . . . 2 ,, 5 ,, 



Full speed i ,, 48 ,, 



For a horse which could cover a mile in I min. 42 sec., the 

 respective times would be : 3 min. 37 sec. ; 2 min. 36 sec. ; 

 i min. 58 sec. ; and I min. 42. 



Although the undulating character of ground in England 

 and the frequent variations in the nature of its " going," are 

 difficulties to be overcome in the introduction of the Indian 

 method into this country, the system has such important 



