24 DWARF FRUIV TREES 



The Paradise apple so-called (Fig. 7) is simply one 

 of these dwarf varieties which can be reproduced freely 

 and cheaply. This reproduction is secured nearly al- 

 ways by means of mound layerage. As the variety 

 does not come true to seed, any more than such varie- 

 ties as King or Hubbardston do, some such method 

 of propagation is necessary. This Paradise apple is 

 naturally inclined to stool out somewhat from the 

 roots. This habit is encouraged by cutting the plants 

 back to the ground. When the young shoots are 

 thrown up they are banked up with a hoe or by 

 plowing furrows up against the rows of plants. The 

 young shoots then form roots at the base and these 

 rooted shoots or layers are removed when one year 

 old. They are then planted in nursery rows in the 

 spring, where they are usually budded the following 

 July or August. 



These Paradise stocks are largely grown in France. 

 Practically all the supply comes from that country. 

 The nurserymen who grow dwarf apple trees in Ame- 

 rica import their stocks from France during the winter, 

 plant them in nursery rows early in the spring, bud 

 the stocks the following July or August, and have 

 the dwarf apple trees for sale the second year follow- 

 ing. 



This Paradise is the dwarfest stock known for 

 apples. Its effect on nearly all varieties is very marked, 

 causing them to form very small trees and to bear 

 very early. Some of the more vigorous varieties, like 

 Northern Spy for instance, do not submit kindly to 

 such treatment. For this, or possibly for more rec- 

 ondite reasons, a few varieties do not succeed well on 



