64 DWARF FRUIT TREES 



refe. red to under the head of propagation, but the 

 statement should be repeated here that the French 

 Paradise stock is preferable for very dwarf garden 

 trees, and is almost necessary for cordons and espaliers, 

 while the Doucin (sometimes called the English or 

 broad-leaved Paradise) may be chosen where only 

 a moderate amount of dwarfing is desired. Some of 

 the most expert apple growers of North America are 

 beginning to think that the Doucin may be required 

 for the commercial orchards in the future, when spray- 

 ing for the San Jose scale becomes an established 

 routine and smaller trees are an accepted necessity. 



Dwarf apple trees may be cultivated in nearly all 

 the artificial forms ever given to fruit trees. Un- 

 doubtedly the simplest is the bush or vase form. This 

 requires less care and attention and probably gives 

 as much fruit to the same area as any other. The 

 pyramid form is somewhat difficult to produce. It 

 can be secured successfully only with the varieties 

 which have a tendency to grow strong, straight 

 branches, as for instance Sutton, Gravenstein and 

 Northern Spy. On the whole the pyramid is not to 

 be recommended for dwarf apples. 



Apples succeed very well as upright cordons and 

 in all the simpler modifications of this form. As these 

 trees can be planted very close together as close as 

 fifteen inches certainly thus occupying very little 

 room, a large number of them can be planted in very 

 limited areas of the city lot or backyard. They are 

 especially adapted to stand on the property line where 

 they seem to use no space whatever, and where in 

 fact they do occupy space which otherwise would be 



