MISCELLANEOUS CONCENTRATES 



147 



should be fed with such carbonaceous feeds as corn, rather than with 

 protein-rich feeds like wheat middlings and linseed meal. Careful 

 dairj^men raise just as thrifty calves when skim milk is gradually sub- 

 stituted for whole milk during the first 4 to 6 weeks, and only skim 

 milk given thereafter, as when ex- 

 pensive whole milk is fed longer. 

 For swine, especially young pigs, 

 skim milk is unsurpassed as a sup- 

 plement to the carbonaceous grains. 

 From 500 to 600 lbs. of skim milk, 

 properly combined with concen- 

 trates, is equal in feeding value to 

 100 lbs. of grain for pigs. Foals 

 whose dams furnish insufficient 

 milk thrive on skim milk. It may 

 also be fed to horses and poultry. 

 Skim milk is most valuable for 

 young animals when it comes sweet 

 and warm from the separator. 



Buttermilk. — This by-product, 

 much like skim milk in composi- 

 tion but usually richer in fat, is 

 about equal to skim milk for pigs. 

 Sometimes calves are reared on it, 

 but extreme care is necessary in ac- 

 customing them to it and in keep- 

 ing all utensils clean. Buttermilk 

 diluted at the creamery with water 

 has its value reduced. If kept in 

 dirty tanks it ferments and be- 

 comes dangerous. 



Whey. — Whey contains the sugar, albumin, and a large part of 

 the ash of milk, while the casein and most of the fat go into the cheese. 

 As it contains only 0.8 per ct. protein and has a nutritive ratio of 1 :6.8, 

 whey should be fed with protein-rich feeds to young animals. IMore 

 watery than skim milk, it contains only 6.6 per ct. dry matter. Whey 

 is usually fed to pigs, for which it has about half the value of skim 

 milk. At best, it is a poor feed for calves, and can be successfully used 

 only by exercising the utmost care and cleanliness. Slightly soured 

 whey gives as good results as when sweet, but decomposing whey kept 

 in filthy vessels is unfit for stock. 



Spreading disease thru dairy by-products. — Since milk from many 

 farms is mixed at the creamery and cheese factory, unless the skim 



Fig. 42.— Skim ]\Iilk Is Ideal for 

 Young Animals, as It Is Kioli in 

 Protein of the Highest Quality 

 and in Mineral Matter. (From 

 Wisconsin Station.) 



