RAISING DAIRY CATTLE 289 



To maintain health and virility, the bull must have ample exercise. 

 This is perhaps most conveniently furnished by a tread power, where 

 he may run the separator, pump water, do other useful work, or run 

 the power for exercise only. Many declare that the purchase of a 

 tread power merely to furnish exercise for the bull is a wise invest- 

 ment. Others fix a long sweep on a post and tie the bull at the end, 

 allowing him to walk around the circle. Another device is a light 

 cable stretched between 2 high posts, the bull being attached to it by a 

 sliding chain so that he is able to walk back and forth the length of 

 the cable. The bull may also be harnessed and hitched to cart or 

 wagon for such odd jobs as hauling manure or feed. 



QUESTIONS 



1. Why should dairymen rear the heifer calves from their best cows? 



2. Describe the manner in which you would feed a skim-milk calf from birth. 



3. Name several concentrates or mixtures of concentrates satisfactory for 

 feeding to calves being raised on skim milk. 



4. Tell about the hays and succulent feeds useful for calf feeding. 



5. What is the average birth weight of calves of the four leading dairy breeds, 

 and hoAv large gains should well-fed calves make? 



6. Name the most common causes of trouble with skim-milk fed calves. 



7. Discuss the feeding of buttermilk and whey to calves. 



8. How may calves be raised on l)ut a minimum of milk? 



9. Give the ingredients in a satisfactory calf meal. 



10. How may common scours and contagious scours usually be prevented? 



11. Discuss the feeding and care of dairy heifers; of the bull. 



