62 OSTEOLOGY. 



the nose ; a transverse plate divides it into two portions, of whicb 

 the posterior is continuous with the frontal sinus, and the anterior 

 with the nose; the convolutions of this bone are from below 

 upwards. The inferior bone is convoluted from above down- 

 wards, and its anterior is continuous with the maxillary sinus. 



The use of the turbinals is to augment the surface of the nasal 

 chambers over which the olfactory nerves are distributed, while, 

 by their lightness, they do not add materially to the weight. 

 The superior meatus of the nasal fossa is between the upper bone 

 and the roof of the fossa ; the middle meatus is between the two 

 bones, and the inferior meatus between the lower bone and the 

 floor. 



INFERIOR MAXILLA. 



(Fig. 14.) 



This, the Mandible, or lower jaw, is a large, irregular, somewhat 

 V-shaped bone, situated below the upper jaw, and articulating. 



Fig. 14. 

 Inferior maxilla of Horse— antero-lateral view, a, Body ; 

 b b', Rami; c. Neck ; d, Mental Foramen : c, fJucclaator, and 

 «', Masseter surface ; //', Inner Surface of Ramus ; g, Molar 

 alveoli ; /, Anterior border ; g", Bar, bounding diastema ; 

 h h' h". Posterior border. The angle lies between h' and h" ; 

 i i, Condyles ; fc fc, Coronoid processes : I, Maxillary space ; m. 

 Inferior dental foramen ; n, Sigmoid notch. 



by means of a true joint, with the glenoid cavities of the squamosal 

 bone. It consists of two symmetrical branches flattened laterally, 

 and deeper posteriorly than anteriorly, the posterior portions 

 being curved upwards, and the anterior extremities united, thus, 

 leaving a triangular space (the maxillary) between. These 

 branches, united in the adult, are separate in the foetus, and 



