OMNIVORA — THE SKULL 



10.5 



VrscERAL Skeleton. 



In the adult Euminant, two bones are 

 <ommonly found in the heart, and may be 

 termed the cardiac bones (ossa cordis). They 

 are found related with the auriculo-ventric- 

 nlar rings. Jn shape they present three 

 angles, three borders, and two surfaces. The 

 left bone is considerably smaller than the 

 right. 



OMNIVORA. 



The Omnivora are represented in Veterin- 

 ary Anatomy only by the Hog. 



Fig. 27., 



Right cardiac bone of au Ox— natural 

 size, a, Anterior angle ; & b, Posterior 

 angles ; c, Superior border ; d. Anterior 

 border ; e, Posterior border ; /. Right 

 surface 



Axial Skeleton. 



THE SKULL 



Skull of a Boar^Idteral aspect.. 



In the skull of this animal the following points are noteworthy. The siqyra' 

 'occipital bone forms a very prominent crest ; the occipital condyles and the 

 foramen magnum are small ; the styloid processes very long, inclining back- 

 Iwards. The parietal bones are early anchylosed, the superior surface being 

 'contracted in the middle, with a sharp ridge on each side, limiting the temporal 

 ifossa. The orbital process of the frontal bone is short, the frontal arch being 

 'completed by a ligament; in the centre of _ 



jthe bone, about a third from its anterior 

 [border, is the supraorbital foramen, and from 

 it a groove passes forwards and oulwaids. 

 ■The frontal bone articulates with the superior 

 liuaxilla. The temporal is a smgle bone on 

 rcach side ; the ])etrous portion is small, and 

 the zygomatic process large, bearing a promi- 

 nent spine. A ridge connects the CNternnl 

 auditory meatus, placed very high np, with 



;the mastoid protuberance, which is very large, the styloid process being short.' 

 jThe maxillary articulation is not supported behind by a well-marked proce.ss,' 

 and is smallest transversely.. The spkenoid is short, with large, flat pterygoid 

 processes; the wings do not project, bnt are nearly perpendicular; the sella 

 turcifca is deep, and the olivary and clinoid processes large. 



The nasal bones are long, straight, and strong, firnily connected with the 

 frontal and superior maxillary, but do not articulate with the lachrymal bones; 

 the nasal peak projects nearly to the level of the incisors. The lachrymals are 

 small, with lachrymal fossoe on the supero-cxtemal part of the bone instead of 

 in the orbit, as in the horse and ox ; they are pierced by two conduit*, which 

 afterwards form one. The malar bone is very strong, and the ?yg'jinatic 

 process large, and terminating in two branches, between which ,"ssis the 

 zygomatic process of the temporal bone; the anterior branch is short, ojid not 

 united to the orbital arch of the frontal bone. The supenor moxilla is propor-' 

 tionally lather short and narrow, and its surface concave, for the reception of 

 Jarge facial muscles ; it presents a large lateral protuberance anteriorly, whencOj 



