110 



COMPARATIVE OSTEOLOGY. 



SKELETON OF THE DOG (Carnivora). 

 AxiAx Skeleton. 



THE SKULL. 



b. Parietal, 2 : c. Frontal, 2 ; 



k, Temporal. 2 ;. Sphenoid, 1 ;. 



Cranial Bones.— a. Occipital 1 ; 

 Ethmoid. 2 ; Auditory ossicles, 8. 



Facial Bones.— f, Nasal, 2 ; e, Iiachrymal, 2 ; d, Malar. 2 ; h. Maxilla. 2 ; g, Premaxilla, 2 r 

 t, Inferior I-IaxiUa. 2 ; Palatine, 2 ; Pterygoid, 2 ; Vomer, 1 ; Turbinals, 4 ; Hyaoia series, 9. 

 Teeth : — Incisors, 12 : Canines, 4 ; Molars, 26. 



Tlie Trunk.— I I, Cervical vertebrai, 7 ; m m. Dorsal vertebrse. 13 ; n n. Lumbar vertebrae, 7 \. 

 0, Sacrum (three segments), \ ; p p, Coccygeal vertebrae (variable), 20 ; t t, Ribs, 26 ; * Sternum 

 (eight stemebrse), 1 ; £ Costal cartilages. 



Appendicular Skeleton, 

 pectoral limb. 

 u, Scapula, 2 ; v, Humen^s, 2 ; w, Eadius, 2 ; x, ITlna. Carpus :— j/, Trapezium, 2 ; z, Cunei- 

 form, 2 ; a', Scaphoid, 2 ; V, Unciform, 2 ; c'. Magnum. 2 ; d' , Trapezoid, 2 ; e'. Pisiform, 2 ; Metar 

 carpal bones, 10 ; K, Anterior sesamoids, 10 ; g' , Posterior sesamoids, 20. Digit :— i'. Proximal 

 phalanges, 10; V, Median phalanges, 8; V, Distal phalanges, 10; Small sesamoids wanting. 



PELVIC LIMB. 



Pelvis. — Os Innominatum : — q, Ilium, 2 ; r, Pubis, 2 ; s, Ischium. 2. 



The Limb.—m' Femur, 2; o', Fabellje, 4; n', PateUa, 2; g'. Tibia, 2; p', Tibial sesamoid, 2; 

 r', Fibula, 2. Tarsus :— s', Calcaneum, 2 ; <', Astragalus, 2 ; u', Cuboid, 2 ; «>', Superior cuneiform, 2 :■ 

 w\ Ecto-cuneiforme, 2 ; x', Meso-cuneiforme, 2 ; 2/', Endo-cuneiforme, 2. Metatarsus :— Large bones, 

 8 ; z", Small bones, 2 ; Anterior sesamoid, 8 ; Posterior sesamoids, 16. Digit :— Proximal phalanges,. 

 8 ; Median phalanges, 8 ; Distal phalanges, 8 ; Small sesamoids wanting. 



Visceral Skeleton. 

 Os Penis, 1 ; Eudimentary clavicle (inconstant), 2. 



The bones of the Carnivora Skeleton, thus considered, are 345. 



