STTLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN 49 



tending to one effect, except in so far as the separate areas lay one 

 next another surrounding the house. 



The Elizabethan pleasure garden * was an outgrowth of the earlier 

 manner of English gardening, enriched by ideas from abroad, but still 

 distinctly a national style, with its roots in its native soil.f But as 

 the riches of the greater land-holders increased, as they became more 

 familiar with the customs of other courts and with the growing splendor 

 of the gardens of Italy and France, and the quaint conceits of the Dutch, 

 imitations of the styles of these countries displaced on many estates 

 the older English work. Later, as we have seen, the landscape school 

 arose, destroyed much of the preceding work of whatever kind, produced 

 the deadly monotony of "Capability" Brown, the puerilities of the later 

 Romantic landscape work, and settled to the soberer sense of Repton. 

 From Repton's time to within the last quarter century there has been 

 little new landscape design in England worthy of much serious attention 

 by a student of style ; but within recent years there has been a revival 

 of the studied planning of gardens truly English in expression J which 

 has produced work not widely different from that of Elizabethan times. 

 This is largely of course because the modern designers are intentionally 

 holding fast to that which has come down to them from the past, but 

 partly, too, it is because the modern work is based, as was the old work, 

 on the character of the people and of the country, and is continuing a 

 tradition which, though overlaid from time to time with other styles, 

 has persisted since before the Tudor times down to the present day. 

 (See Drawing VI, opp. p. 48, and Drawing XX, opp. p. 158.) 



The cottages have had their gardens in England as surely as have The English 

 the castles, and in the cottage gardens the natural conditions produced ^^^^^^^ 

 a similarity of appearance worthy of the name of a style more certainly 

 than was the case in the larger gardens, because no seeking of novelty 



* See the chapter on the Elizabethan garden in The Hon. Alicia Amherst's -^ 

 History of Gardening in England. (See References.) 



f See, for instance, the views of Penshurst and Knole given in Macartney's 

 English Houses and Gardens in the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries. (See Refer- 

 ences.) 



X See the work of Mr. Lutyens as illustrated in Lawrence Weaver's The Houses 

 and Gardens of E. L. Lutyens, London, " Country Life," 1914. 



